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                <title xml:lang="fr">Sceau de Jean, protospathaire impérial, thesmophylax et protonotaire (?) des Manganes</title>
                <title xml:lang="en">Seal of John, imperial protospatharios, thesmophylax and protonotarios of the Mangana</title>
                <editor role="seal-editor" xml:id="JCC">Jean-Claude Cheynet</editor>
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                    <orgName corresp="https://anr.fr/">Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR)</orgName>, France / <orgName corresp="https://www.dfg.de/">Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)</orgName>, Deutschland
                </funder>
                <principal>Alessio Sopracasa</principal>
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                    <seg xml:lang="fr">Amélioration digitale</seg>
                    <seg xml:lang="en">Digital enhancement</seg>
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                <editor role="digital-editor" xml:id="SM" when="2024-04-15">Sima Meziridou</editor>
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                <authority>ANR/DFG DigiByzSeal - Unlocking the Hidden Value of Seals: New
                    Methodologies for Historical Research in Byzantine Studies</authority>
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                            <forename>Ἰωάννης</forename>
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                            <forename>Jean</forename>               
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                            <forename>John</forename>  
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                            <seg xml:lang="fr">Turquie</seg>
                            <seg xml:lang="en">Turkey</seg>
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                            <seg xml:lang="fr">Izmir</seg>
                            <seg xml:lang="en">Izmir</seg>
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                                        <interp type="workType" xml:lang="en">Original impression</interp>
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                                    <p xml:lang="fr">Gros trou au centre du flan ; les deux bords sont largement écrasés sur les deux faces.</p>
                                    <p xml:lang="en">Large hole in the center of the blank; the two edges are largely crushed on both sides.</p>
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                            <origDate type="analysis" notBefore="0901" notAfter="1100" evidence="epigraphy" cert="high" resp="#JCC">
                                <seg xml:lang="fr">Xe/XIe siècle</seg>
                                <seg xml:lang="en">10th/11th C.</seg>
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                                        <p xml:lang="fr">Iconographie avec légende circulaire et en colonnes</p>
                                        <p xml:lang="en">Iconography with circular legend and legend in columns</p> 
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                                    <figure>
                                        <figDesc n="r" xml:lang="fr">Buste d’un saint de face, au visage plein, imberbe, doté d’une
                                            abondante chevelure ; revêtu d’un manteau agrafé à l’épaule droite, l’objet qu’il tient devant lui en main droite
                                            a disparu dans le trou du flan mais semble se poursuivre au-delà, ce serait une lance plutôt qu’une croisette,
                                            mais on ne peut plus voir de bouclier en main gauche</figDesc>
                                        <figDesc n="r" xml:lang="en">Bust of a full-faced, beardless saint with abundant hair; wearing a cloak clasped 
                                            to his right shoulder, the object he holds in his right hand has disappeared into the
                                            hole in the flan, but seems to extend beyond it; it would appear to be a spear rather than a cross,
                                            but no shield can be seen in his left hand</figDesc>
                                        <figDesc n="decoR" xml:lang="fr">Cercle de perles</figDesc>
                                        <figDesc n="decoR" xml:lang="en">Circle of pearls</figDesc>
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                                </decoNote>
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                                <seg xml:lang="en">Reverse</seg>
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                                <seg xml:lang="fr">Grec byzantin</seg>
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                                        <p xml:lang="fr">Légende linéaire sur 5 lignes</p>
                                        <p xml:lang="en">Linear legend of 5 lines</p> 
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                                        <figDesc n="decoV" xml:lang="fr">Cercle de perles ; légende précédée
                                            d’une croisette et suivie d’une perle, probablement
                                            accostée de tirets</figDesc>
                                        <figDesc n="decoV" xml:lang="en">Circle of pearls; legend preceded by a cross and followed by a pearl, probably with dashes</figDesc>
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                <language ident="Grek">Greek script</language>
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                <language ident="la">Latin language (assumed to be in its standard script: Latn)</language>
                <language ident="grc-Latn">Ancient Greek Language (to 1453), rendered in Latin script</language>
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            <change when="2023-06-23" who="#AS"/>
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            <change when="2024-06-21" who="#SM">Corrections in metadata</change>
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                  <desc>Obverse</desc>
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                      <desc>Digital image of the obverse (2019).</desc>
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                        <supplied reason="lost"><expan><abbr>β</abbr><ex>οή</ex><abbr>θ</abbr><ex>ει</ex></expan></supplied> τῷ σῷ δ<supplied reason="lost">ούλῳ</supplied>
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                           <lb n="1"/>+ <expan><abbr>Ἰω</abbr><ex>άννῃ</ex></expan> <expan><abbr>β</abbr><ex>ασιλικῷ</ex></expan> <expan><abbr><am><g ref="#alpha"/></am></abbr><ex>πρωτο</ex>
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                           <lb n="5"/><expan><supplied reason="lost"><abbr>Μ</abbr></supplied><abbr>ανγ</abbr><supplied reason="lost"><abbr>ά</abbr><ex>νων</ex></supplied></expan>
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                    <ab>
                       <lb n="1"/>......ΤΣ.... 
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                      <ab>  
                          <lb n="2"/>Ι̅Α
                          <lb n="3"/>ΣΠΑΘˊΘ..
                          <lb n="4"/>..ΦΥΛ...
                          <lb n="5"/>.ΑΝ....
                          <lb n="6"/>.ΑΝΓ.
                          <lb n="0"/>
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              <div type="translation">
                  <p xml:lang="gr">Κύριε <hi rend="italic">vel</hi> Ἅγιε βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλῳ /+ Ἰωάννῃ βασιλικῷ πρωτοσπαθαρίῳ θεσμοφύλακι καὶ πρωτονοταρίῳ τῶν Μανγάνων.</p>
                  <p xml:lang="en">Lord <hi rend="italic">or</hi> Saint help your servant John, imperial protospatharios, thesmophylax and protonotarios (?) of the Mangana.</p>
                  <p xml:lang="fr">Seigneur <hi rend="italic">ou</hi> Saint aide ton serviteur Jean, protospathaire impérial, thesmophylax et protonotaire (?) des Manganes.</p>
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              <div type="commentary" subtype="text">
                  <p xml:lang="fr">La restitution des lettres manquantes est hypothétique puisque la quatrième ligne du revers
                      est presque totalement écrasée, mais la lecture Manganes est assez sûre. Sous la lettre Φ subsiste la trace très
                      probable d’un A qui peut être accompagné de la haste d’un N, on admettra alors qu’il s’agit d’un protonotaire.
                      Ou bien A est suivi d’un T, et l’on restituera curateur. On ne peut trancher parce que nous ignorons comment
                      la fonction de thesmophylax était abrégée.
                      L’oikos des Manganes était situé sur une pente à l’est de l’Acropole. Il fut créé par Basile Ier sur une
                      propriété impériale ayant appartenu à Michel Ier Ranghabé, puis remanié par Constantin IX, à partir de 1042,
                      lorsque celui-ci voulut rejoindre sa maîtresse, Marie Sklèraina, qui habitait ce quartier. Il fit construire un
                      ensemble considérable de bâtiments comportant entre autres un hôpital, un hospice et un monastère dédié à
                      saint Georges Tropaiophore, qui constitua un nouvel oikos, connu sous ce dernier nom de Tropaiophore [1].</p>
              </div>
              <div type="commentary" subtype="footnotes">
                  <p xml:lang="fr" xml:id="footnote-1">
                      [1]. N. Oikonomides, St. George of Mangana, Maria Skleraina, and the «Malyj Sion» of Novgorod, <hi rend="italic">DOP</hi> 34/35, 1990/1991, p. 239-246,
                      repris dans Idem, <hi rend="italic">Byzantium from the Ninth Century to the Fourth Crusade</hi>, Aldershot 1992, no XVI.                
                  </p>
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                          <ptr target="CheynetTatış"/>, <citedRange unit="page">130-131</citedRange>
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