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                <title xml:lang="fr">Sceau de Léon (?), patrice, protospathaire [impérial ?] et stratège des Thracésiens</title>
                <title xml:lang="en">Seal of Leon (?), patrikios, [imperial] (?) protospatharios and strategos of Thrakesion</title>
                <editor role="seal-editor" xml:id="JCC">Jean-Claude Cheynet</editor>
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                <principal>Alessio Sopracasa</principal>
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                    <seg xml:lang="fr">Amélioration digitale</seg>
                    <seg xml:lang="en">Digital enhancement</seg>
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                <editor role="digital-editor" xml:id="NB" when="2024-05-14">Numa Buchs</editor>
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                <authority>ANR/DFG DigiByzSeal - Unlocking the Hidden Value of Seals: New
                    Methodologies for Historical Research in Byzantine Studies</authority>
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                            <forename>Λέων</forename>
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                            <forename>Léon</forename>
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                            <forename>Leon</forename>
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                            <seg xml:lang="fr">Turquie</seg>
                            <seg xml:lang="en">Turkey</seg>
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                            <seg xml:lang="en">Provincial administration</seg>
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                                    <p xml:lang="fr">Echancré aux orifices du canal ; flan trop petit ; pressé sur les deux faces sur un côté du flan</p>
                                    <p xml:lang="en">Notched at the channel openings; blank too small; pressed on both sides on one side of the blank</p>
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                                <seg xml:lang="fr">IXe siècle (première moitié)</seg>
                                <seg xml:lang="en">9th C. (first half)</seg>
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                                        <p xml:lang="fr">Monogramme cruciforme</p>
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                                        <figDesc n="r" xml:lang="fr">Monogramme cruciforme invocatif au sommet partiellement tronqué, probablement de type
                                            Laurent V, complété dans les cantons de la formule habituelle.</figDesc>
                                        <figDesc n="r" xml:lang="en">Invocative cruciform monogram with a partially truncated top, probably of the
                                            Laurent V, completed in the cantons with the usual formula.</figDesc>
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                                        <figDesc n="decoR" xml:lang="en">Border</figDesc>
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                                        <p xml:lang="fr">Légende linéaire sur 5 lignes</p>
                                        <p xml:lang="en">Linear legend of 5 lines</p> 
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                <language ident="Grek">Greek script</language>
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                <language ident="grc">Ancient Greek language (to 1453; assumed to be in its standard script: Grek)</language>
                <language ident="la">Latin language (assumed to be in its standard script: Latn)</language>
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                      <ab>
                        <lb n="1"/><expan><ex>Θεοτόκε βοήθει</ex></expan> <supplied reason="lost">τ</supplied>ῷ σ<supplied reason="lost">ῷ</supplied> δούλῳ
                      </ab>
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 <div type="textpart" subtype="face" n="rev" rend="linear" xml:lang="grc">
                      <ab>
                          <lb n="2"/><supplied reason="lost" cert="low">Λέοντ</supplied>
                          <lb n="3" break="no"/>ι <expan><abbr>πατρ</abbr><supplied reason="lost"><abbr>ι</abbr></supplied>
                          <lb n="4" break="no"/><supplied reason="lost"><abbr>κ</abbr><ex>ίῳ</ex></supplied></expan> <supplied reason="lost"><expan><abbr>β</abbr><ex>ασιλικῷ</ex></expan></supplied> <expan><abbr><am><g ref="#alpha"/></am></abbr><ex>πρωτο</ex><abbr>σπα</abbr><ex>θαρίῳ</ex></expan> <expan><abbr><am><g ref="#kai"/></am></abbr><ex>καὶ</ex></expan> 
                          <lb n="5"/><expan><supplied reason="lost"><abbr>σ</abbr></supplied><abbr>τρατ</abbr><ex>ηγῷ</ex></expan> τῶ<supplied reason="lost">ν</supplied> 
                          <lb n="6"/><expan><abbr>Θρᾳκ</abbr><ex>ησίων</ex></expan>
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              <div type="edition" subtype="diplomatic" xml:space="preserve">
                 <div type="textpart" subtype="face" n="obv" rend="columns" xml:lang="grc">
                       <ab>
                          <lb n="0"/>Κ–.–.–Β–Θ–.–Σ.–ΔΛ
                          
                       </ab>
                   </div>   
                 
                  <div type="textpart" subtype="face" n="rev" rend="linear" xml:lang="grc">
                     <ab>
                           <lb n="1"/>...
                          <lb n="2"/>ΙΠΑΤΡ.
                          <lb n="3"/>../ΣΠ/ϗ
                         <lb n="4"/>.ΤΡΑΤ/Τ.
                          <lb n="5"/>ΘΡΑΚ/
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              <div type="translation">
                  <p>Θεοτόκε βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλῳ / Λέοντι ? πατρικίῳ βασιλικῷ πρωτοσπαθαρίῳ καὶ στρατηγῷ τῶν Θρᾳκησίων.</p>
                  <p xml:lang="en">Theotokos help your servant Leon, imperial protospatharios and strategos of the Thrakesion.</p>
                  <p xml:lang="fr">Théotokos aide ton serviteur Léon, protospathaire impérial et stratège des Thracésiens.</p>
              </div>
              <div type="commentary" subtype="text">
                  <p xml:lang="fr">La proposition pour le nom est hypothétique. En revanche, pour le nom du
                      thème, l’hésitation entre Thrace et Thracésiens, qu’on pourrait avoir compte tenu de l’abréviation, est levée
                      par la présence de l’article τῶν.
                      Les homonymes potentiels sont plus anciens :
                      – Léon, patrice et stratège des Thracésiens (DO 47.2.182, éd. <hi rend="italic">DOSeals</hi> 3.2.42 ; début du VIIIe siècle).
                      – Léon, patrice et stratège des Thracésiens, qui a laissé des plombs au même avers au VIIIe siècle (DO
                      58.106.3156, éd. Zacos – Veglery, no 2132 ; <hi rend="italic">DOSeals</hi> 3.2.43 ; une pièce parallèle, provenant de Constantinople,
                      dans la coll. Schlumberger, éd. G. Schlumberger, Sceaux byzantins inédits, <hi rend="italic">RN</hi> 1916, p. 33, no 298). Ce
                      personnage peut correspondre au Léon, patrice et stratège des Thracésiens, tué par les Bulgares en 758/759,
                      qui est mentionné dans Théophane (Théophane, I, p. 431).
                      – Un autre Léon, selon un sceau d’Ephèse, est datable aussi du milieu du VIIIe siècle : Léon, patrice et
                      hypostratège des Thracésiens, le terme hypostratège valant ici pour stratège [1].
                  </p>
              </div>
              <div type="commentary" subtype="footnotes">
                  <p xml:lang="fr" xml:id="footnote-1">
                      [1]  W. seibt, Drei byzantinische Bleisigel aus Ephesos, <hi rend="italic">Litterae Numismaticae Vindobonenses Roberto Goebl Dedicatae</hi>, Vienne
                      1979, p. 148-151, no 2.
                  </p> 
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                          <ptr target="CheynetTatış"/>, <citedRange unit="page">167-168</citedRange>
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