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                <title xml:lang="fr">Sceau de Syméon Doukas Αmpélas, magistre</title>
                <title xml:lang="en">Seal of Symeon Doukas Ampelas, magistros</title>
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                <principal>Alessio Sopracasa</principal>
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                            <forename>Συμεών</forename>
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                       <ab>                           
                           <cb n="a"/>Μιχα<supplied reason="lost">ήλ</supplied>               
                      </ab>
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                      <ab>
                         <lb n="1"/>Συμε
                          <lb n="2" break="no"/><supplied reason="lost">ὼ</supplied>ν <expan><abbr>μάγισ</abbr>
                          <lb n="3" break="no"/><supplied reason="lost"><abbr>τ</abbr></supplied><abbr>ρ</abbr><ex>ος</ex></expan> Δούκας 
                          <lb n="4"/>ὁ Ἀμπελ
                          <lb n="5" break="no"/>ᾶς
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                           <cb n="a"/>Μ|Ι|Χ|Α
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                           <lb n="0"/>
                           <lb n="1"/>ΣΥΜΕ <!-- M not found in Athena ruby -->
                           <lb n="2"/>.ΝΜΑΓΙΣ
                           <lb n="3"/>.ΡΔΚΑΣ
                           <lb n="4"/>ΟΑΜΠΕΛ
                           <lb n="5"/>ΑΣ
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                  <p>Μιχαὴλ / + Συμεὼν μάγιστρος Δούκας ὁ Ἀμπελᾶς.</p>
                  <p xml:lang="en">Michael. Symeon Doukas Ampelas, magister.</p>
                  <p xml:lang="fr">Michael. Syméon Doukas Αmpélas, magistre.</p>
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                  <p xml:lang="fr">Syméon Ampélas fut un partisan de Bardas Phocas en 970 [1]. Léon Diacre le présente
                      comme un ancien paysan, qui aurait gravi les échelons pour devenir l’un des généraux les plus fameux de
                      son temps [2]. La dignité de magistre, considérable à la fin du Xe siècle, confirme ce dernier point. Mais, ce
                      sceau présente par ailleurs Syméon avec le double nom de Doukas et Ampélas. Le nominatif assure qu’il ne
                      s’agit pas de la fonction de duc, qu’il aurait pu exercer. L’alliance avec les Doukai n’aurait rien de surprenant,
                      puisque cette dernière lignée s’était consacrée au métier des armes, quoiqu’elle eût été passablement décimée
                      après l’échec du domestique des Scholes, Constantin Doukas, pour s’emparer du pouvoir en 913. Cependant
                      les Doukai étaient des partisans des Sklèroi et des adversaires des Phocas. La datation très précise d’un sceau
                      est toujours un exercice périlleux. Les difficultés d’identification de notre sigillant avec le stratège, soutien de
                      Bardas Phocas, disparaitraient si l’on avait affaire à son petit-fils, qui aurait été actif dans le premier quart du
                      XIe siècle. Mais un officier du très haut rang de magistre aurait dû être mentionné dans les sources narratives.
                      La famille Ampélas a continué de fournir des officiers au moins jusqu’à l’époque d’Alexis Comnène. Elle
                      avait des intérêts dans le thème des Thracésiens [3].</p>
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              <div type="commentary" subtype="footnotes">
                  <p xml:lang="fr" xml:id="footnote-1">
                      [1]. Skylitzès, <hi rend="italic">Synopsis historiarum</hi>, p. 291.
                  </p>
                  <p xml:lang="fr" xml:id="footnote-2">
                      [2]. <hi rend="italic">Leonis Diaconi Caloënsis historiae libri decem</hi>, éd. C. B. HAse (Corpus Scriptorum Historiae Byzantinae), Bonn 1828, p. 113
                      « Syméon, un vigneron bien établi qui devait son nom à son activité et qui s’appelait Ampélas » (Léon le Diacre. <hi rend="italic">Empereurs du Xe siècle</hi>,
                      trad. R. Bondoux et J.-P. Grélois, Paris 2014, p. 147).
                  </p>
                  <p xml:lang="fr" xml:id="footnote-3">
                      [3]. Sur les Ampélai, voir en dernier lieu le commentaire du sceau de Michel Ampélas (Cheynet – Erdogan – Prigent, Musées de la
                      Turquie orientale, p. 307-309) et de celui de Théodose Alexopoulos Ampélas (Wassiliou-Seibt, <hi rend="italic">Metrische Legenden</hi> II, no 2442).
                  </p>
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                          <ptr target="CheynetTatış"/>, <citedRange unit="page">232-233</citedRange>
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