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                <title xml:lang="fr">Sceau de Jean Comnène, curopalate</title>
                <title xml:lang="en">Seal of John Komnenos, kouropalates</title>
                <editor role="seal-editor" xml:id="JCC">Jean-Claude Cheynet</editor>
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                    <orgName corresp="https://anr.fr/">Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR)</orgName>, France / <orgName corresp="https://www.dfg.de/">Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)</orgName>, Deutschland
                </funder>
                <principal>Alessio Sopracasa</principal>
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                    <seg xml:lang="fr">Amélioration digitale</seg>
                    <seg xml:lang="en">Digital enhancement</seg>
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                <editor role="digital-editor" xml:id="SM" when="2024-05-21">Sima Meziridou</editor>
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                <authority>ANR/DFG DigiByzSeal - Unlocking the Hidden Value of Seals: New
                    Methodologies for Historical Research in Byzantine Studies</authority>
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                            <forename>Ἰωάννης</forename>
                            <surname>Κομνηνός</surname>
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                            <forename>Jean</forename>
                            <surname>Comnène</surname>             
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                            <forename>John</forename>
                            <surname>Komnenos</surname>  
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                            <seg xml:lang="fr">Turquie</seg>
                            <seg xml:lang="en">Turkey</seg>
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                        <settlement>
                            <seg xml:lang="fr">Izmir</seg>
                            <seg xml:lang="en">Izmir</seg>
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                                            <seg xml:lang="fr">Sceau</seg>
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                                        <interp type="workType" xml:lang="en">Original impression</interp>
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                                        <seg xml:lang="fr">Plomb</seg>
                                        <seg xml:lang="en">Lead</seg>
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                                <condition rend="double-struck not-centered"> 
                                    <p xml:lang="fr">Double frappe, visible au revers à droite : à peine échancré aux orifices du canal ; frappe décentrée.</p>
                                    <p xml:lang="en">Double strike, visible on the reverse right: barely indented at the channel holes; off-centre strike.</p>
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                            <origDate type="analysis" notBefore="1059" notAfter="1067" evidence="epigraphy" cert="high" resp="#JCC">
                                <seg xml:lang="fr">1059/1067</seg>
                                <seg xml:lang="en">1059/1067</seg>
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                        <provenance type="found" subtype="discovered"> 
                            <placeName type="ancientFindspot" ref="https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/550706" xml:lang="fr">Magnésie du Sipyle</placeName> 
                            <placeName type="ancientFindspot" ref="https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/550706" xml:lang="en">Magnesia ad Sipylum</placeName>
                            <placeName type="modernFindspot" ref="https://www.geonames.org/304827/manisa.html" xml:lang="fr">Manisa</placeName>
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                                <seg xml:lang="en">Obverse</seg>
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                                <seg xml:lang="fr">Grec byzantin</seg>
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                                        <p xml:lang="fr">Iconography with legend in columns</p>
                                        <p xml:lang="en">Iconographie avec légende en colonnes</p>
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                                        <figDesc n="r" xml:lang="fr">Saint Georges de face, à mi-corps ;
                                            la chlamyde, rejetée derrière l’épaule droite, découvre la cuirasse, composée de petites écailles métalliques ornées
                                            de perles. Le bouclier bordé de grosses perles protège l’avant-bras gauche, et la lance est tenue à deux mains, en
                                            diagonale devant la poitrine, pointe tournée devant l’épaule gauche, attitude inhabituelle dans l’iconographie des
                                            saints militaires qui tiennent la lance verticale, ou passant devant l’épaule droite</figDesc>
                                        <figDesc n="r" xml:lang="en">Bust of saint George; the chlamys, pulled back behind the right shoulder, reveals
                                            the breastplate, made of small metal scales adorned with pearls; the shield edged with large pearls protects
                                            the left forearm, and the spear is held in both hands, diagonally in front of the chest, the point turned in 
                                            front of the left shoulder, an unusual attitude in the iconography of military saints who hold the spear vertically, 
                                            or passing in front of the right shoulder</figDesc>
                                        <figDesc n="decoR" xml:lang="fr">Cercle de perles</figDesc>
                                        <figDesc n="decoR" xml:lang="en">Circle of pearls</figDesc>
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                                <seg xml:lang="en">Reverse</seg>
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                                <seg xml:lang="fr">Grec byzantin</seg>
                                <seg xml:lang="en">Byzantine Greek</seg>
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                                            <dim type="diameter">29</dim>
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                                        <p xml:lang="fr">Linear legend of 6 lines</p>
                                        <p xml:lang="en">Légende linéaire sur 6 lignes</p>
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                                        <figDesc n="decoV" xml:lang="fr">Cercle de perles</figDesc>
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                <language ident="Grek">Greek script</language>
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                <language ident="la">Latin language (assumed to be in its standard script: Latn)</language>
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            <change when="2023-06-23" who="#AS"/>
            <change when="2024-05-21" who="#SM">Filled in metadata in new template</change>
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                  <desc>Obverse</desc>
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                      <desc>Digital image of the obverse (2019).</desc>
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                  <desc>Reverse</desc>
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                  <div type="textpart" subtype="label" n="obv" rend="columns" xml:lang="grc">
                       <ab>
                         <cb n="a"/><expan><ex>Ὁ ἅγιος</ex></expan> Γεώρ
                        <cb n="b" break="no"/><supplied reason="lost">γι</supplied>ος
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                      <ab>
                           <lb n="1"/><expan><supplied reason="lost"><abbr>Κ</abbr><ex>ύρι</ex></supplied><abbr>ε</abbr></expan> <expan><abbr>βοήθ</abbr><ex>ει</ex></expan>
                           <lb n="2"/><supplied reason="lost">τ</supplied>ῷ σῷ <expan><abbr>δούλ</abbr><ex>ῳ</ex></expan>
                           <lb n="3"/><supplied reason="lost">Ἰ</supplied>ωάννῃ κου
                           <lb n="4" break="no"/><supplied reason="lost">ρ</supplied>οπαλάτι 
                           <lb n="5"/><supplied reason="lost">τ</supplied>ῷ Κομνη
                           <lb n="6" break="no"/>νῷ
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                 <div type="textpart" subtype="label" n="obv" rend="columns" xml:lang="grc">
                       <ab>
                           <cb n="a"/>|ΓΕ||Ρ
                           <cb n="b"/>.|.|ΟΣ                    
                       </ab>
                   </div>         
                   <div type="textpart" subtype="face" n="obv" rend="linear" xml:lang="grc">
                       <ab>
                           <lb n="0"/>
                           <lb n="1"/>.ΕΟΗΘ
                           <lb n="2"/>.ΣΔΛ
                           <lb n="3"/>.ΑΝΝΗ·Κ <!-- A not found in Athena ruby palette -->
                           <lb n="4"/>.ΟΠΑΛΑΤΙ <!-- A not found in Athena ruby palette -->
                           <lb n="5"/>.ΚΟΝΗ
                           <lb n="6"/>Ν
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                  <p>Ὁ ἅγιος Γεώργιος. / + Κύριε βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλῳ Ἰωάννῃ κουροπαλάτι τῷ Κομνηνῷ.</p>
                  <p xml:lang="en">Saint George. Lord help your servant John Komnenos, kouropalates.</p>
                  <p xml:lang="fr">Saint Georges. Théotokos aide ton serviteur Jean Comnène, curopalate.</p>
              </div>
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                  <p xml:lang="fr">Frère de l’empereur Isaac Ier, Jean est l’époux de Anne Dalassènè et le père d’Alexis Ier. Isaac
                      nomma son frère domestique des Scholes d’Occident avec le titre de curopalate. Lorsque Constantin X Doukas
                      devint empereur, Jean conserva son titre de curopalate, sans nécessairement conserver sa charge de domestique.
                      On ignore le détail des activités de Jean au cours de sa longue carrière d’officier supérieur [1].</p>
              </div>
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                  <p xml:lang="fr" xml:id="footnote-1">
                      [1]. La notice la plus complète est donnée dans K.Barzos, <hi rend="italic">Ἡ γενεαλογία τῶν Κομνηνῶν</hi> (Βυζαντινά κείμενα καὶ μελέται 20), Thessalonique
                      1984, I, p. 49-57.
                  </p> 
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                          <ptr target="CheynetTatış"/>, <citedRange unit="page">209-210</citedRange>
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