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                <title xml:lang="fr">Sceau de Léon, protospathaire impérial, épi tou Chrysotriklinou, juge de l’Hippodrome et des Cibyrrhéotes</title>
                <title xml:lang="en">Seal of Leo, imperial protospatharios, epi tou Chrysotriklinou, judge of the Hippodrome and of the Cibyrrhaeots</title>
                <editor role="seal-editor" xml:id="JCC">Jean-Claude Cheynet</editor>
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                    <orgName corresp="https://anr.fr/">Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR)</orgName>, France / <orgName corresp="https://www.dfg.de/">Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)</orgName>, Deutschland
                </funder>
                <principal>Alessio Sopracasa</principal>
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                    <seg xml:lang="fr">Amélioration digitale</seg>
                    <seg xml:lang="en">Digital enhancement</seg>
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                <editor role="digital-editor" xml:id="SM" when="2024-04-15">Sima Meziridou</editor>
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                <authority>ANR/DFG DigiByzSeal - Unlocking the Hidden Value of Seals: New
                    Methodologies for Historical Research in Byzantine Studies</authority>
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                            <forename>Λέων</forename>
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                            <forename>Léon</forename>
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                            <forename>Leon</forename>
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                                    <p xml:lang="fr">Légères échancrures aux orifces du canal ; rogné sur le pourtour ; belle gravure.</p>
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                                <seg xml:lang="fr">XIe siècle (second quart)</seg>
                                <seg xml:lang="en">11th C. second quarter</seg>
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                                            épiscopale habituelle, bénissant et tenant le Livre
                                            au plat orné de perles</figDesc>    
                                        <figDesc n="r" xml:lang="en">Bust of Saint Nicholas with neatly curled beard and hair; 
                                              in his usual episcopal garb, blessing and holding the Holy Bible adorned with pearls</figDesc>    
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                                        <figDesc n="decoR" xml:lang="en">Circle of pearls</figDesc>
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                  <desc>Obverse</desc>
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                       <ab>
                            <cb n="a"/><expan><ex>Ὁ ἅγιος</ex></expan> <expan><abbr>Νι
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                           <lb n="2"/><supplied reason="lost">+</supplied> <expan><supplied reason="lost"><abbr>Λ</abbr></supplied><abbr>έον</abbr><supplied reason="lost"><abbr>τ</abbr><ex>ι</ex></supplied></expan>
                           <lb n="3"/><supplied reason="lost"><expan><abbr>β</abbr><ex>ασιλικῷ</ex></expan></supplied> <expan><abbr><am><g type="protos1"/></am></abbr><ex>πρωτο</ex><abbr>σπαθ</abbr><ex>α</ex><abbr>ρ</abbr><ex>ίῳ</ex></expan> ἐ
                           <lb n="4" break="no"/><supplied reason="lost">π</supplied>ὶ τοῦ <expan><abbr>χρ</abbr><ex>υσοτρικλίνου</ex></expan> <expan><abbr>κρι</abbr><!-- ajouter un am pour chi-rho? -->
                           <lb n="5" break="no"/><supplied reason="lost"><abbr>τ</abbr><ex>ῇ</ex></supplied></expan> <supplied reason="lost">ἐ</supplied>πὶ τοῦ <expan><abbr>Ἱπ
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                 <cb n="a"/>|Ν|Ι
                 <cb n="b"/>Κ|Ο|.
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                           <lb n="1"/>......
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                      <ab>  
                          <lb n="2"/>.ΕΟΝ
                          <lb n="3"/>ΑΣΠΑΘΡΕ
                          <lb n="4"/>.ΙΤΡΙ
                          <lb n="5"/>..ΠΙΤΙΠ
                          <lb n="6"/>ΠΟΔϗΤΝ <!-- Δ not found in Athena ruby palette -->
                          <lb n="7"/>ΚΙΥΡΡΑΙ
                          <lb n="8"/>Τ
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                  <p>Ὁ ἅγιος Νικόλαος. Κύριε βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλῳ / + Λέοντι βασιλικῷ πρωτοσπαθαρίῳ ἐπὶ τοῦ χρυσοτρικλίνου κριτῇ ἐπὶ τοῦ Ἱπποδρόμου καὶ
                      τῶν Κιβυρραιωτῶν.</p>
                  <p xml:lang="en">Saint Nikolaos. Lord help your servant Leo, imperial protospatharios, epi tou Chrysotriklinou, judge of the Hippodrome and of the Cibyrrhaeots.</p>
                  <p xml:lang="fr">Saint Nicolas. Seigneur aide ton serviteur Léon, protospathaire impérial, épi tou Chrysotriklinou, juge de l’Hippodrome et des Cibyrrhéotes.</p>
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                  <p xml:lang="fr">On remarquera la forme du OY, qui n’est pas encore parfaitement en fer à cheval,
                      signe du début de la nouvelle mode qui se développe autour des années 1040. De nombreuses bulles de juges
                      nommés Léon nous sont parvenues. La très grande majorité est soit bilatérale, soit placée sous la protection de la
                      Vierge. Un seul juge, dans les Optimates, a choisi Nicolas comme saint protecteur [1]. Cependant, rien ne lie cette
                      bulle d’un ostiaire et <hi rend="italic">hebdomarios</hi> à notre sigillant.</p>
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              <div type="commentary" subtype="footnotes">
                  <p xml:lang="fr" xml:id="footnote-1">
                      [1]. Zacos II, no 558.
                  </p>
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                          <ptr target="CheynetTatış"/>, <citedRange unit="page">125-126</citedRange>
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                  <!-- // : Vente Münz Zentrum 147-148 (septembre 2008), no 1842 (SBS 12, 2016, p. 176), entré dans la coll. Kofopoulos, inv. 60, inédit. -->                  
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