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                <title xml:lang="fr">Sceau de Phôkas, stratèlate</title>
                <title xml:lang="en">Seal of Phocas, stratelates</title>
                <editor role="seal-editor" xml:id="JCC">Jean-Claude Cheynet</editor>
                <funder>
                    <orgName corresp="https://anr.fr/">Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR)</orgName>, France / <orgName corresp="https://www.dfg.de/">Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)</orgName>, Deutschland
                </funder>
                <principal>Alessio Sopracasa</principal>
            </titleStmt>
            <editionStmt>
                <edition>
                    <seg xml:lang="fr">Amélioration digitale</seg>
                    <seg xml:lang="en">Digital enhancement</seg>
                </edition>
                <editor role="digital-editor" xml:id="SM" when="2024-06-05">Sima Meziridou</editor>
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                <authority>ANR/DFG DigiByzSeal - Unlocking the Hidden Value of Seals: New
                    Methodologies for Historical Research in Byzantine Studies</authority>
                <idno type="filename">Tatish_5.114</idno>
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                        <persName xml:lang="grc">
                            <forename>Φωκάς</forename> 
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                            <forename>Phôkas</forename>
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                        <persName xml:lang="en">
                            <forename>Phocas</forename>
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                        <country>
                            <seg xml:lang="fr">Turquie</seg>
                            <seg xml:lang="en">Turkey</seg>
                        </country>
                        <settlement>
                            <seg xml:lang="fr">Izmir</seg>
                            <seg xml:lang="en">Izmir</seg>
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                        <collection type="private" xml:lang="en" ref="URI"><rs type="collection-name" xml:lang="en">
                            <persName role="issuer" ref="https://viaf.org/viaf/48683064/">Yavuz Tatış</persName> collection
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                        <idno type="inv-nr-current">2350</idno>
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                            <seg xml:lang="en">Dignitaries</seg>
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                                            <seg xml:lang="fr">Sceau</seg>
                                            <seg xml:lang="en">Seal</seg>
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                                        <interp type="workType" xml:lang="fr">Empreinte originale</interp>
                                        <interp type="workType" xml:lang="en">Original impression</interp>
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                                        <seg xml:lang="fr">Plomb</seg>
                                        <seg xml:lang="en">Lead</seg>
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                                        <dim type="diameter">26</dim>
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                                    <measure type="weight" unit="g">14,73</measure> 
                                    <measure type="axis" unit="clock"/>
                                    <measure type="overstrikeOrient" unit="clock"/>
                                    <measure type="channelOrient" unit="clock">12-6</measure>
                                    <measure type="countermark" unit="clock"/>
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                                <condition rend=" worn-edge"> 
                                    <p xml:lang="fr">Echancré à l’orifice inférieur du canal ; rogné au sommet du champ ; gravure maladroite, mais nette.</p>
                                    <p xml:lang="en">Indented at the lower orifice of the canal; trimmed at the top of the field; clumsy but clear engraving.</p>
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                                <seg xml:lang="fr">
                                    <placeName/>
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                            <origDate type="analysis" notBefore="0601" notAfter="0700" evidence="epigraphy" cert="high" resp="#JCC">
                                <seg xml:lang="fr">VIIe siècle</seg>
                                <seg xml:lang="en">7th C.</seg>
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                                <seg xml:lang="en">Obverse</seg>
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                                <seg xml:lang="fr">Grec byzantin</seg>
                                <seg xml:lang="en">Byzantine Greek</seg>
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                                        <dimensions type="written" unit="mm">
                                            <dim type="diameter">26</dim>
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                                        <p xml:lang="fr">Iconographie avec monogramme cruciform</p>
                                        <p xml:lang="en">Iconography with cruciform monogram</p>
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                                        <figDesc n="r" xml:lang="fr">Aigle essorante campée de face sur ses serres crochues, tête tournée vers la droite ; les ailes éployées</figDesc>
                                        <figDesc n="r" xml:lang="en">Soaring eagle, head turned to the right, standing on its hooked talons; wings outstretched</figDesc>
                                        <figDesc n="decoR" xml:lang="fr">Cercle de feuillage stylisé</figDesc>
                                        <figDesc n="decoR" xml:lang="en">Circle of stylised foliage</figDesc>
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                                <seg xml:lang="en">Reverse</seg>
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                                <seg xml:lang="fr">Grec byzantin</seg>
                                <seg xml:lang="en">Byzantine Greek</seg>
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                                            <dim type="diameter">26</dim>
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                                        <p xml:lang="fr">Légende linéaire sur 4 lignes</p>
                                        <p xml:lang="en">Linear legend of 4 lines</p>
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                <language ident="Grek">Greek script</language>
                <language ident="Latn">Latin script</language>
                <language ident="grc">Ancient Greek language (to 1453; assumed to be in its standard script: Grek)</language>
                <language ident="la">Latin language (assumed to be in its standard script: Latn)</language>
                <language ident="grc-Latn">Ancient Greek Language (to 1453), rendered in Latin script</language>
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            <change when="2023-06-23" who="#AS"/>
            <change when="2024-06-05" who="#SM">Filled in metadata in new template</change>
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          <surfaceGrp>
              <surface n="r">
                  <desc>Obverse</desc>
                  <graphic url="https://www.abcde.com" type="digital">
                      <desc>Digital image of the obverse (2019).</desc>
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                  <desc>Reverse</desc>
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                  <div type="textpart" subtype="face" n="obv" rend=" monogram-cross" xml:lang="grc">          
                      <ab>
                         <lb n="1"/><expan><ex>Θεοτόκε βοήθει</ex></expan>
                      </ab>
                  </div>        
                <div type="textpart" subtype="face" n="rev" rend=" linear" xml:lang="grc">
                      <ab>
                        <lb n="2"/>Φω
                          <lb n="3" break="no"/>κᾶ στρ
                          <lb n="4" break="no"/>ατιλά
                          <lb n="5" break="no"/>του
                      </ab>
                  </div>
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                    <div type="textpart" subtype="face" n="obv" rend=" monogram-cross" xml:lang="grc">
                       <ab>
                           <lb n="1"/>Κ–Τ–.–Η–Β–Θ
                       </ab>
                    </div>  
                  <div type="textpart" subtype="face" n="obv" rend=" linear" xml:lang="grc">
                       <ab>      
                           <lb n="2"/>ΦΩ
                            <lb n="3"/>ΚΣΤΡ
                            <lb n="4"/>ΤΙΛ
                            <lb n="5"/>ΤΟΥ
                       </ab>
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              <div type="translation">
                  <p>Θεοτόκε βοήθει / Φωκᾶ στρατηλάτου.</p>  
                  <p xml:lang="en">Mother of God help Phocas, stratelates.</p> 
                  <p xml:lang="fr">Mère de Dieu aide Phôkas, stratèlate.</p>
              </div>
              <div type="commentary" subtype="text">
                  <p xml:lang="fr">Le graveur a commencé à graver des lettres de grand module avant de s’apercevoir que la
                      place lui manquerait pour graver la dignité, achevée avec des lettres de module beaucoup plus petit. Outre celui
                      d’un empereur, ce nom a été porté par plusieurs fonctionnaires entre le VIIe et le IXe siècle (<hi rend="italic">PmbZ</hi>, nos 6212-
                      6220) avant de devenir le nom transmissible d’une grande famille anatolienne.</p>
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                  <p xml:lang=""/> 
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                      <bibl>
                          <ptr target="CheynetTatış"/>, <citedRange unit="page">268</citedRange>
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                  </p>
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                          <ptr target="xxx"/>, <citedRange unit="page"/>
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