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                <title xml:lang="fr">Sceau de Léon, mandatôr et épiskeptitès</title>
                <title xml:lang="en">Seal of Leo,mandator and episkeptites</title>
                <editor role="seal-editor" xml:id="JCC">Jean-Claude Cheynet</editor>
                <funder>
                    <orgName corresp="https://anr.fr/">Agence Nationale de la Recherche
                        (ANR)</orgName>, France / <orgName corresp="https://www.dfg.de/">Deutsche
                        Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)</orgName>, Deutschland </funder>
                <principal>Alessio Sopracasa</principal>
            </titleStmt>
            <editionStmt>
                <edition>
                    <seg xml:lang="fr">Amélioration digitale</seg>
                    <seg xml:lang="en">Digital enhancement</seg>
                </edition>
                <editor role="digital-editor" xml:id="SM" when="2024-04-02">Sima Meziridou</editor>
                <editor role="digital-editor" xml:id="AS" when="2024-10-13">Alessio
                    Sopracasa</editor>
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                <authority>ANR/DFG DigiByzSeal - Unlocking the Hidden Value of Seals: New
                    Methodologies for Historical Research in Byzantine Studies</authority>
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                    <person gender="M" role="civil">
                        <persName xml:lang="grc">
                            <forename>Λέων</forename>
                        </persName>
                        <persName xml:lang="fr">
                            <forename>Léon</forename>
                        </persName>
                        <persName xml:lang="en">
                            <forename>Leo</forename>
                        </persName>
                    </person>
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                            <seg xml:lang="fr">Turquie</seg>
                            <seg xml:lang="en">Turkey</seg>
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                        </settlement>
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                            <rs type="collection-name" xml:lang="en"><persName role="owner" ref="https://viaf.org/viaf/48683064/">Yavuz Tatış</persName>
                                collection</rs>
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                                    Tatış</persName></rs>
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                            <seg xml:lang="fr">Administration centrale</seg>
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                                            <seg xml:lang="fr">Sceau</seg>
                                            <seg xml:lang="en">Seal</seg>
                                        </term>
                                        <interp type="workType" xml:lang="fr">Empreinte
                                            originale</interp>
                                        <interp type="workType" xml:lang="en">Original
                                            impression</interp>
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                                    <material>
                                        <seg xml:lang="fr">Plomb</seg>
                                        <seg xml:lang="en">Lead</seg>
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                                        <dim type="diameter">22</dim>
                                    </dimensions>
                                    <measure type="weight" unit="g">7,38</measure>
                                    <measure type="axis" unit="clock"/>
                                    <measure type="overstrikeOrient" unit="clock"/>
                                    <measure type="channelOrient" unit="clock">12-6</measure>
                                    <measure type="countermark" unit="clock"/>
                                </support>
                                <condition rend="crushed corroded">
                                    <p xml:lang="fr">Légères échancrures aux orifices du canal;
                                        écrasé au droit; oxydé au revers.</p>
                                    <p xml:lang="en">Slight indentations at the channel openings;
                                        crushed on the right; corroded on the reverse.</p>
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                                    <rs type="execution">
                                        <seg xml:lang="fr">Frappé</seg>
                                        <seg xml:lang="en">Struck</seg>
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                            <origDate type="analysis" notBefore="0901" notAfter="0950" evidence="epigraphy iconography" cert="high" resp="#JCC">
                                <seg xml:lang="fr">Xe siècle (première moitié)</seg>
                                <seg xml:lang="en">10th C. first half</seg>
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                                <seg xml:lang="en">Obverse</seg>
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                                <seg xml:lang="fr">Grec byzantin</seg>
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                                        <p xml:lang="fr">Iconographie avec légende invocative
                                            circulaire commençant à 7</p>
                                        <p xml:lang="en">Iconography with circular invocative legend
                                            starting at 7</p>
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                                            légèrement pattées, élevée sur trois degrés et ornée de
                                            fleurons stylisés jusqu’à mi-champ.</figDesc>
                                        <figDesc n="r" ana="cross patriarchal on-steps fleurons" xml:lang="en">Patriarchal cross with slightly pattéed
                                            ends, raised on three steps and decorated with stylised
                                            fleurons up to the mid-point of the cross.</figDesc>
                                        <figDesc n="decoR" xml:lang="fr">Cercle de perles</figDesc>
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                            </decoDesc>
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                                <seg xml:lang="en">Reverse</seg>
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                                        <p xml:lang="en">Linear legend of 4 lines</p>
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                                            croisette précède la légende, sur une même
                                            ligne</figDesc>
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                                            before the legend, on the same line</figDesc>
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                <language ident="Grek">Greek script</language>
                <language ident="Latn">Latin script</language>
                <language ident="grc">Ancient Greek language (to 1453; assumed to be in its standard
                    script: Grek)</language>
                <language ident="la">Latin language (assumed to be in its standard script:
                    Latn)</language>
                <language ident="grc-Latn">Ancient Greek Language (to 1453), rendered in Latin
                    script</language>
                <language ident="la-Grek">Latin written in Greek script</language>
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                file</change>
            <change when="2024-04-12" who="#SM">Corrections on metadata</change>
            <change when="2024-04-03" who="#SM">Corrections on legend's encoding. Filled in comments
                and bibliography</change>
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            <change when="2023-06-23" who="#AS"/>
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                <desc>Obverse</desc>
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                    <desc>Digital image of the obverse (2019).</desc>
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                <desc>Reverse</desc>
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                    <desc>Digital image of the reverse (2019).</desc>
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        <body>
            <div type="edition" subtype="editorial" xml:space="preserve">
                  <div type="textpart" n="obv" subtype="face" rend="circular" xml:lang="grc"> 
                      <ab ana="dat">
                        <lb n="1"/><rs type="invocation" ref="#inv004">
                            <expan><abbr>Κ</abbr><ex>ύρι</ex><abbr>ε</abbr></expan> <expan><abbr>β</abbr><ex>οήθει</ex></expan> τῷ σῷ <supplied reason="lost">δούλῳ</supplied>
                        </rs>
                      </ab>
                  </div>
                  <div type="textpart" n="rev" subtype="face" rend="linear" xml:lang="grc">
                      <ab ana="dat">
                           <lb n="2"/>+<forename><expan><abbr>Λέον</abbr>
                           <lb n="3" break="no"/><supplied reason="lost"><abbr>τ</abbr><ex>ι</ex></supplied></expan></forename>
                          <rs type="office" subtype="civil" ref="#of0124"><expan><abbr>μ</abbr><supplied reason="lost"><abbr>αν</abbr></supplied><abbr>δ</abbr><ex>άτορι</ex></expan></rs>
                           <lb n="4"/><supplied reason="lost"><expan><abbr><am>S</am></abbr><ex>καὶ</ex></expan></supplied>
                          <rs type="office" subtype="civil" ref="#of0066"><expan><abbr>ἐπισ
                           <lb n="5" break="no"/><supplied reason="lost">κ</supplied>επ</abbr><ex>τί</ex><abbr>τῃ</abbr></expan></rs>
                      </ab>
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              </div>
            <div type="edition" subtype="diplomatic" xml:space="preserve">
                  <div type="textpart" subtype="face" n="obv" rend="circular" xml:lang="grc">
                      <ab>
                          <lb n="1"/>Ε/ΤΣ<gap reason="lost" atLeast="3" atMost="5" unit="character"/>
                      </ab>
                  </div>
                  <div type="textpart" subtype="face" n="rev" rend="linear" xml:lang="grc">
                      <ab>
                          <lb n="2"/>ΛΕΟ̣Ν̣
                          <lb n="3"/>.Μ..Δ̣/
                          <lb n="4"/>.ΕΠ̣ΙΣ
                          <lb n="5"/>.ΕΠΤ 
                      </ab>
                  </div>
              </div>
            <div type="apparatus">
                <listApp>
                    <app loc="4-5">
                        <lem>ἐπισ[κ]επ(τί)τῃ</lem>
                        <rdg>
                            <note><bibl><ptr target="CheynetTatış"/>, <citedRange unit="part">2.27</citedRange></bibl> ἐπισκεπ(τί)τῃ.</note>
                        </rdg>
                    </app>
                </listApp>
            </div>
            <div type="translation">
                <p>Κύριε βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλῳ / + Λέοντι μανδάτορι καὶ ἐπισκεπτίτῃ.</p>
                <p xml:lang="en">Lord help your servant Leo, mandator and episkeptites.</p>
                <p xml:lang="fr">Seigneur aide ton serviteur Léon, mandatôr et épiskeptitès.</p>
            </div>
            <div type="commentary" subtype="text">
                <p xml:lang="fr">Léon ne mentionne ni le service, ni le lieu où il exerçait ses
                    talents. Nous avons dans cette collection trois sceaux d’<hi rend="italic">épiskeptitai</hi> qui sont
                    d’une date précoce, ce qui est étonnant, puisque la majeure partie des sceaux
                    connus date du XIe siècle [1]. C’est peut-être un indice de l’importance
                    ancienne des épiskepseis dans le thème des Thracésiens.</p>
            </div>
            <div type="commentary" subtype="footnotes">
                <p xml:lang="fr" xml:id="footnote-1"> [1]. Sur les <hi rend="italic">épikeptitai</hi>, J.-Cl. Cheynet, <hi rend="italic">Épiskeptitai</hi> et
                    autres gestionnaires des biens publics (d’après les sceaux de l’IFEB), <hi rend="italic">SBS</hi> 7, 2002, p. 87-117, repris dans IDEM, <hi rend="italic">Société byzantine</hi>, vol. I, no 9, p. 237-272. </p>
            </div>
            <div type="bibliography" subtype="edition">
                <p>
                    <bibl>
                        <ptr target="CheynetTatış"/>, <citedRange unit="part">2.27</citedRange>.
                    </bibl>
                </p>
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