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                <title xml:lang="fr">Sceau de Pierre Ν., anthypatos, patrice, protospathaire impérial et épi tou Chrysotriklinou</title>
                <title xml:lang="en">Seal of  Peter N., anthypatos, patrikios, imperial protospatharios and epi tou Chrysotriklinou</title>
                <editor role="seal-editor" xml:id="JCC">Jean-Claude Cheynet</editor>
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                    <orgName corresp="https://anr.fr/">Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR)</orgName>, France / <orgName corresp="https://www.dfg.de/">Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)</orgName>, Deutschland
                </funder>
                <principal>Alessio Sopracasa</principal>
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                <edition>
                    <seg xml:lang="fr">Amélioration digitale</seg>
                    <seg xml:lang="en">Digital enhancement</seg>
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                <editor role="digital-editor" xml:id="NB" when="2024-05-16">Numa Buchs</editor>
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                <authority>ANR/DFG DigiByzSeal - Unlocking the Hidden Value of Seals: New
                    Methodologies for Historical Research in Byzantine Studies</authority>
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                            <forename>Πέτρος</forename><surname>N.</surname>
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                            <forename>Pierre</forename><surname>N.</surname>
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                            <forename>Peter</forename><surname>N.</surname>
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                            <seg xml:lang="fr">Turquie</seg>
                            <seg xml:lang="en">Turkey</seg>
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                        <settlement>
                            <seg xml:lang="fr">Izmir</seg>
                            <seg xml:lang="en">Izmir</seg>
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                        <collection type="private" xml:lang="en" ref="URI"><rs type="collection-name" xml:lang="en">
                            <persName role="issuer" ref="https://viaf.org/viaf/48683064/">Yavuz Tatış</persName> collection
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                                            <seg xml:lang="fr">Sceau</seg>
                                            <seg xml:lang="en">Seal</seg>
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                                        <interp type="workType" xml:lang="fr">Empreinte originale</interp>
                                        <interp type="workType" xml:lang="en">Original impression</interp>
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                                        <seg xml:lang="fr">Plomb</seg>
                                        <seg xml:lang="en">Lead</seg>
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                                        <dim type="diameter">28</dim>
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                                    <measure type="weight" unit="g">11,3</measure>
                                    <measure type="axis" unit="clock"/>
                                    <measure type="overstrikeOrient" unit="clock"/>
                                    <measure type="channelOrient" unit="clock">12-6</measure>
                                    <measure type="countermark" unit="clock"/>
                                </support>
                                <condition rend="corroded"> 
                                    <p xml:lang="fr">Echancrure à l’orifice supérieur du canal ; oxydé et usé sur les deux faces</p>
                                    <p xml:lang="en">Notch at the top of the channel; oxidised and worn on both sides</p>
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                                        <seg xml:lang="fr">Frappé</seg>
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                            <origDate type="analysis" notBefore="0501" notAfter="0700" evidence="epigraphy" cert="high" resp="#JCC">
                                <seg xml:lang="fr">Xe siècle (fin)-XI siècle (début) </seg>
                                <seg xml:lang="en">10th C. (end)-11th  C. (béginning)</seg>
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                        <provenance type="found" subtype="discovered"> 
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                            <placeName type="modernFindspot" ref="URI" xml:lang=""/>
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                                <seg xml:lang="en">Obverse</seg>
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                                        <dimensions type="written" unit="mm">
                                            <dim type="diameter">26</dim>
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                                        <p xml:lang="fr">Iconography with circular legend</p>
                                        <p xml:lang="en">Iconographie avec légende circulaire</p> 
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                                    <figure>
                                        <figDesc n="r" xml:lang="fr">Croix à simple traverse, enchâssée dans une plus grande, élevée sur
                                            deux degrés et ornée, depuis la base, de riches fleurons s’enroulant en volutes, terminées par des motifs de fleurs
                                            à six pétales sous la traverse, puis continuant au-delà jusqu’au sommet. A la circonférence, légende invocative
                                            commençant à la base.</figDesc>
                                        <figDesc n="r" xml:lang="en">cross with a single crossbeam, set in a larger cross, raised on two
                                            The cross is set into a larger cross, raised on two steps and decorated, from the base, with rich scrolling fleurons, 
                                            ending in six-petalled flower motifs below the crosspiece, then continuing beyond it to the top. 
                                            At the circumference, an invocative legend beginning at the base.</figDesc>
                                        <figDesc n="decoR" xml:lang="fr">Cercle de grènetis</figDesc>
                                        <figDesc n="decoR" xml:lang="en">Circle of grenetis</figDesc>
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                                <seg xml:lang="en">Reverse</seg>
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                                            <dim type="diameter">26</dim>
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                                        <p xml:lang="fr">Légende linéaire sur 6 lignes</p>
                                        <p xml:lang="en">Linear legend of 6 lines</p> 
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                                    <figure>
                                        <figDesc n="v" xml:lang="fr">Légende précédée d’une croisette</figDesc>
                                        <figDesc n="v" xml:lang="en">Legend preceded by a cross</figDesc>
                                        <figDesc n="decoV" xml:lang=""/>
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                <language ident="Grek">Greek script</language>
                <language ident="Latn">Latin script</language>
                <language ident="grc">Ancient Greek language (to 1453; assumed to be in its standard script: Grek)</language>
                <language ident="la">Latin language (assumed to be in its standard script: Latn)</language>
                <language ident="grc-Latn">Ancient Greek Language (to 1453), rendered in Latin script</language>
                <language ident="la-Grek">Latin written in Greek script</language>
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            <change when="2023-06-23" who="#AS"/>
            <change when="2024-05-16" who="#NB">Filled in metadata in new template</change>
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                  <desc>Obverse</desc>
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                      <desc>Digital image of the obverse (2019).</desc>
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                  <desc>Reverse</desc>
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                      <desc>Digital image of the reverse (2019).</desc>
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              <div type="edition" subtype="editorial" xml:space="preserve">
             <div type="textpart" subtype="face" n="obv" rend="circular" xml:lang="grc">
                       <ab>
                         <lb n="1"/><supplied reason="lost">+</supplied> <supplied reason="lost"><expan><abbr>Κ</abbr><ex>ύρι</ex><abbr>ε</abbr></expan></supplied>
βοήθει τῷ σῷ <expan><abbr>δούλ</abbr><ex>ῳ</ex></expan>
                          
                      </ab>
                  </div>
                 
                      <div type="textpart" subtype="face" n="rev" rend="linear" xml:lang="grc">
                      <ab>
                           <lb n="2"/>+ Πέτρῳ 
                           <lb n="3"/><expan><abbr>ἀνθυπάτ</abbr><ex>ῳ</ex></expan> <expan><abbr>π</abbr><ex>ατ</ex><abbr>ρ
                           <lb n="4" break="no"/>ι</abbr><ex>κίῳ</ex></expan> <expan><abbr><am><g ref="#alpha"/></am></abbr><ex>πρωτο</ex><abbr>σπαθ</abbr><supplied reason="lost"><abbr>αρ</abbr><ex>ίῳ</ex></supplied></expan> ἐ
                            <lb n="5" break="no"/>πὶ <expan><abbr>τ</abbr><ex>οῦ</ex></expan> <expan><abbr>χρυσ</abbr><supplied reason="lost"><abbr>ο</abbr></supplied>
                    <lb n="6" break="no"/><abbr>τρι</abbr><ex>κλίνου</ex></expan> τῷ <orig cert="low">κ</orig><gap reason="lost" quantity="2" unit="character"/>  
                               <lb n="7" break="no"/><app type="alternative"><!-- pour l'instant on laisse comme ceci, mais il faut revoir le problème de l'alternative avec expansion d'abr.; ou alors tout dans l'apparat -->
                                                  <lem>εφανί<supplied reason="lost" cert="low">ῳ</supplied></lem>
                                                  <rdg><expan><abbr>εφανί</abbr><supplied reason="lost" cert="low"><abbr>τ</abbr><ex>ῃ</ex></supplied></expan></rdg>
                          
                            </app> 
                        
                               </ab>
                          </div>

              </div>
              <div type="edition" subtype="diplomatic" xml:space="preserve">
                 <div type="textpart" subtype="face" n="obv" rend="circular" xml:lang="grc">
                       <ab>
                      <lb n="0"/>...ΟΗΘΕΙΤΣΔΟΥΛ/
                       </ab>
                   </div>   
                 
                  <div type="textpart" subtype="face" n="rev" rend="linear" xml:lang="grc">
                     <ab>
                           <lb n="1"/>ΠΕΤΡ
                          <lb n="2"/>ΑΝΘΥΠΑΤ/ΠΡ
                         <lb n="3"/>Ι̅Α/ΣΠΑΘ..Ε
                         <lb n="4"/>ΠΙΤ/ΧΡΥΣ.
                         <lb n="5"/>ΤΡΙΤΚ..
                           <lb n="6"/>ΕΦΑΝΙ.
                     </ab>
                  </div>
              </div>
              <div type="apparatus">
                  <listApp>
                      <app xml:lang=""/>
                  </listApp>
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              <div type="translation">
                  <p>+ Κύριε βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλῳ / + Πέτρῳ ἀνθυπάτῳ πατρικίῳ πρωτοσπαθαρίῳ ἐπὶ τοῦ χρυσοτρικλίνου τῷ [...]εφανίῳ ou -τῃ.</p>
                  <p xml:lang="en">Lord help your servant Peter N., anthypatos, patrikios, protospatharios and epi tou Chrysotriklinou.</p>
                  <p xml:lang="fr">Seigneur aide ton serviteur Pierre Ν., <hi rend="italic">anthypatos</hi>, patrice, protospathaire impérial et <hi rend="italic">épi tou Chrysotriklinou</hi>.</p>
              </div>
              <div type="commentary" subtype="text">
                  <p xml:lang="fr">La fin de la seconde ligne est mal conservée, mais la restitution est
                  vraisemblable, car la dignité d’anthypatos est habituellement associée à celle de patrice. Le nom de famille
                  pourrait commencer par un K. On pense à Kontostéphane, mais Pierre n’est pas un prénom attribué dans cette
                  lignée et l’espace est insuffi sant pour un nom si long, sauf à supposer une improbable abréviation. La lecture en
                  Hagiostéphanitès s’accorderait mieux avec les lettres de la dernière ligne, mais la première lettre du nom, mal
                  conservée sur le sceau, ne paraît pas être un A.</p>
              </div>
              <div type="commentary" subtype="text">
                  <p xml:lang="fr"/>
              </div>
              <div type="commentary" subtype="footnotes">
                  <p xml:lang="fr" xml:id="footnote-1">
                    
                  </p> 
                 
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                      <bibl>
                          <ptr target="CheynetTatış"/>, <citedRange unit="page">189</citedRange>
                      </bibl>
                  </p>
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                          <ptr target="xxx"/>, <citedRange unit="page"/>
                         
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