<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><?xml-model href="https://sigidoc.github.io/Schema/schema/latest/sigidoc.rng" type="application/xml" schematypens="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"?><?xml-model href="https://sigidoc.github.io/Schema/schema/latest/sigidoc.rng" type="application/xml" schematypens="http://purl.oclc.org/dsdl/schematron"?><TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">
    <teiHeader>
        <fileDesc>
            <titleStmt>
                <title xml:lang="fr">Sceau de Gabriel, domestique des <hi rend="italic">Nouméra</hi>
                    (?)</title>
                <title xml:lang="en">Seal of Gabriel, domestikos of the Noumera (?)</title>
                <editor role="seal-editor" xml:id="JCC">Jean-Claude Cheynet</editor>
                <funder>
                    <orgName corresp="https://anr.fr/">Agence Nationale de la Recherche
                        (ANR)</orgName>, France / <orgName corresp="https://www.dfg.de/">Deutsche
                        Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)</orgName>, Deutschland </funder>
                <principal>Alessio Sopracasa</principal>
            </titleStmt>
            <editionStmt>
                <edition>
                    <seg xml:lang="fr">Amélioration digitale</seg>
                    <seg xml:lang="en">Digital enhancement</seg>
                </edition>
                <editor role="digital-editor" xml:id="SM" when="2024-04-05">Sima Meziridou</editor>
                <editor role="digital-editor" xml:id="AS" when="2024-12-04">Alessio
                    Sopracasa</editor>
            </editionStmt>
            <publicationStmt>
                <authority>ANR/DFG DigiByzSeal - Unlocking the Hidden Value of Seals: New
                    Methodologies for Historical Research in Byzantine Studies</authority>
                <idno type="filename">Tatish_2.56</idno>
                <idno type="SigiDocID">s-H0eY4h</idno>
                <idno type="sequence"/>
                <date/>
                <availability>
                    <licence target="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/">Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International - CC BY-NC-SA
                        4.0</licence>
                </availability>
            </publicationStmt>
            <sourceDesc>
                <listPerson type="issuer">
                    <person gender="M" role="military">
                        <persName xml:lang="grc">
                            <forename>Γαβριήλ</forename>
                        </persName>
                        <persName xml:lang="fr">
                            <forename>Gabriel</forename>
                        </persName>
                        <persName xml:lang="en">
                            <forename>Gabriel</forename>
                        </persName>
                    </person>
                </listPerson>
                <msDesc>
                    <msIdentifier>
                        <country>
                            <seg xml:lang="fr">Turquie</seg>
                            <seg xml:lang="en">Turkey</seg>
                        </country>
                        <settlement>
                            <seg xml:lang="fr">Izmir</seg>
                            <seg xml:lang="en">Izmir</seg>
                        </settlement>
                        <institution/>
                        <repository/>
                        <collection type="private">
                            <rs type="collection-name" xml:lang="en"><persName role="collector" ref="https://viaf.org/viaf/48683064/">Yavuz Tatış</persName>
                                collection</rs>
                            <rs type="collection-name" xml:lang="fr">Collection <persName role="collector" ref="https://viaf.org/viaf/48683064/">Yavuz
                                    Tatış</persName></rs>
                        </collection>
                        <idno type="inv-nr-current">3052</idno>
                        <altIdentifier>
                            <repository/>
                            <idno type="inv-nr-former"/>
                        </altIdentifier>
                    </msIdentifier>
                    <msContents>
                        <summary n="whole">
                            <seg xml:lang="en">Central administration</seg>
                            <seg xml:lang="fr">Administration centrale</seg>
                        </summary>
                    </msContents>
                    <physDesc>
                        <objectDesc>
                            <supportDesc>
                                <support>
                                    <objectType>
                                        <term>
                                            <seg xml:lang="fr">Sceau</seg>
                                            <seg xml:lang="en">Seal</seg>
                                        </term>
                                        <interp type="workType" xml:lang="fr">Empreinte
                                            originale</interp>
                                        <interp type="workType" xml:lang="en">Original
                                            impression</interp>
                                    </objectType>
                                    <material>
                                        <seg xml:lang="fr">Plomb</seg>
                                        <seg xml:lang="en">Lead</seg>
                                    </material>
                                    <dimensions type="support" unit="mm">
                                        <dim type="diameter">22</dim>
                                    </dimensions>
                                    <measure type="weight" unit="g">5,91</measure>
                                    <measure type="axis" unit="clock"/>
                                    <measure type="overstrikeOrient" unit="clock"/>
                                    <measure type="channelOrient" unit="clock"/>
                                    <measure type="countermark" unit="clock"/>
                                </support>
                                <condition rend="obliterated">
                                    <p xml:lang="fr">Petites échancrures aux orifices du canal;
                                        partiellement oblitéré sur un côté des deux faces.</p>
                                    <p xml:lang="en">Small indentations at the channel openings;
                                        partially obliterated on both faces.</p>
                                </condition>
                            </supportDesc>
                            <layoutDesc>
                                <layout n="whole">
                                    <rs type="execution">
                                        <seg xml:lang="fr">Frappé</seg>
                                        <seg xml:lang="en">Struck</seg>
                                    </rs>
                                    <rs type="shape">
                                        <seg xml:lang="fr">Ronde</seg>
                                        <seg xml:lang="en">Round</seg>
                                    </rs>
                                    <rs type="matrix" subtype="not-surviving">
                                        <idno type="SigiDoc">m-5hMZKj</idno>
                                        <idno type="PBW"/>
                                    </rs>
                                </layout>
                            </layoutDesc>
                        </objectDesc>
                    </physDesc>
                    <history>
                        <origin>
                            <origPlace>
                                <seg xml:lang="fr">
                                    <placeName/>
                                </seg>
                            </origPlace>
                            <origDate type="analysis" notBefore="1041" notAfter="1060" evidence="epigraphy" cert="high" resp="#JCC">
                                <seg xml:lang="fr">XIe siècle (milieu).</seg>
                                <seg xml:lang="en">11th C., middle.</seg>
                            </origDate>
                        </origin>
                        <provenance type="found" subtype="discovered">
                            <placeName type="ancientFindspot" ref="https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/837" xml:lang="fr">Asie
                                Mineure occidentale</placeName>
                            <placeName type="ancientFindspot" ref="https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/837" xml:lang="en">Western
                                Asia Minor</placeName>
                            <placeName type="modernFindspot" ref="https://www.geonames.org/298795/republic-of-turkey.html" xml:lang="fr">Turquie occidentale</placeName>
                            <placeName type="modernFindspot" ref="https://www.geonames.org/298795/republic-of-turkey.html" xml:lang="en">West Turkey</placeName>
                            <rs type="circumstances" xml:lang=""/>
                        </provenance>
                        <provenance type="observed" subtype="seen">
                            <p xml:lang=""/>
                        </provenance>
                        <provenance type="not-observed" subtype="lost">
                            <p xml:lang=""/>
                        </provenance>
                        <provenance type="transferred" subtype="moved">
                            <p xml:lang=""/>
                        </provenance>
                        <acquisition>
                            <p xml:lang=""/>
                        </acquisition>
                    </history>
                    <msPart n="r">
                        <msIdentifier/>
                        <msContents>
                            <summary n="r">
                                <seg xml:lang="en">Obverse</seg>
                            </summary>
                            <textLang n="r" mainLang="grc">
                                <seg xml:lang="fr">Grec byzantin</seg>
                                <seg xml:lang="en">Byzantine Greek</seg>
                            </textLang>
                        </msContents>
                        <physDesc>
                            <objectDesc>
                                <layoutDesc>
                                    <layout n="r">
                                        <dimensions type="written" unit="mm">
                                            <dim type="diameter"/>
                                        </dimensions>
                                        <p xml:lang="fr">Iconographie avec, de part et d'autre,
                                            épigraphe en colonnes.</p>
                                        <p xml:lang="en">Iconography with legend in columns on both
                                            sides of the image.</p>
                                    </layout>
                                </layoutDesc>
                            </objectDesc>
                            <handDesc>
                                <handNote n="r">
                                    <seg xml:lang="en"/>
                                </handNote>
                            </handDesc>
                            <decoDesc>
                                <decoNote>
                                    <figure>
                                        <figDesc n="r" ana="person male archangel Gabriel bust scepter" xml:lang="fr">Un archange de face en buste,
                                            visage plein, imberbe, entouré d’une abondante chevelure
                                            bouclée retenue par des rubans, revêtu de la chlamyde
                                            bordée de perles, tenant en main droite une lance ou un
                                            sceptre bouleté. Si la lecture Gabriel de l'épigraphe en
                                            colonne accompagnant la représentantion est exacte, la
                                            représentation de cet archangez sur un sceau est
                                            exceptionnelle. J. Cotsonis n’en relève que deux dans sa
                                            vaste base iconographique des sceaux [1].</figDesc>
                                        <figDesc n="r" ana="person male archangel Gabriel bust scepter" xml:lang="en">Bust of a beardless archangel
                                            with curly hair held back by ribbons, wearing a
                                            chlamydia adorned with pearls, holding in his right hand
                                            a spear or a sceptre. If the reading Gabriel of
                                            the epigraph in columns accompanying the depiction is
                                            correct, the representation of this archangel on a seal
                                            is exceptional. J. Cotsonis found only two examples in
                                            his extensive iconographic database of seals [1].</figDesc>
                                        <figDesc n="decoR" xml:lang="fr">Cercle de
                                            grènetis.</figDesc>
                                        <figDesc n="decoR" xml:lang="en">Circle of dots.</figDesc>
                                    </figure>
                                </decoNote>
                            </decoDesc>
                        </physDesc>
                    </msPart>
                    <msPart n="v">
                        <msIdentifier/>
                        <msContents>
                            <summary n="v">
                                <seg xml:lang="en">Reverse</seg>
                            </summary>
                            <textLang n="v" mainLang="grc">
                                <seg xml:lang="fr">Grec byzantin</seg>
                                <seg xml:lang="en">Byzantine Greek</seg>
                            </textLang>
                        </msContents>
                        <physDesc>
                            <objectDesc>
                                <layoutDesc>
                                    <layout n="v">
                                        <dimensions type="written" unit="mm">
                                            <dim type="diameter"/>
                                        </dimensions>
                                        <p xml:lang="fr">Légende linéaire sur 5 lignes.</p>
                                        <p xml:lang="en">Linear legend of 5 lines.</p>
                                    </layout>
                                </layoutDesc>
                            </objectDesc>
                            <handDesc>
                                <handNote n="v">
                                    <seg xml:lang=""/>
                                </handNote>
                            </handDesc>
                            <decoDesc>
                                <decoNote>
                                    <figure>
                                        <!--<figDesc n="v" ana="" xml:lang=""/>-->
                                        <figDesc n="decoV" xml:lang="fr">Cercle de grènetis; la
                                            dernière ligne de la légende est accostée de tirets.</figDesc>
                                        <figDesc n="decoV" xml:lang="en">Circle of dots; last line of the legend
                                            flanked by dashes.</figDesc>
                                    </figure>
                                </decoNote>
                            </decoDesc>
                        </physDesc>
                    </msPart>
                </msDesc>
            </sourceDesc>
        </fileDesc>
        <encodingDesc>
            <editorialDecl>
                <p/>
            </editorialDecl>
        </encodingDesc>
        <profileDesc>
            <langUsage>
                <language ident="Grek">Greek script</language>
                <language ident="Latn">Latin script</language>
                <language ident="grc">Ancient Greek language (to 1453; assumed to be in its standard
                    script: Grek)</language>
                <language ident="la">Latin language (assumed to be in its standard script:
                    Latn)</language>
                <language ident="grc-Latn">Ancient Greek Language (to 1453), rendered in Latin
                    script</language>
                <language ident="la-Grek">Latin written in Greek script</language>
            </langUsage>
        </profileDesc>
        <revisionDesc>
            <change when="2023-06-23" who="#AS"/>
            <change when="2024-04-05" who="#SM">Filled in metadata in new template</change>
            <change when="2024-04-13" who="#SM">Corrections on metadata</change>
            <change when="2024-12-04" who="#AS">Revision and correction of the entire XML
                file</change>
            <change when="2025-02-16" who="#AS">Encoding for indexing added</change>
        </revisionDesc>
    </teiHeader>
    <facsimile>
        <surfaceGrp>
            <surface n="r">
                <desc>Obverse</desc>
                <graphic url="https://www.abcde.com" type="digital">
                    <desc>Digital image of the obverse (2019).</desc>
                </graphic>
            </surface>
            <surface n="v">
                <desc>Reverse</desc>
                <graphic url="https://www.abcde.com" type="digital">
                    <desc>Digital image of the reverse (2019).</desc>
                </graphic>
            </surface>
        </surfaceGrp>
    </facsimile>
    <text>
        <body>
            <div type="edition" subtype="editorial" xml:space="preserve">
                  <div type="textpart" n="obv" subtype="label" rend="columns" xml:lang="grc"> 
                      <ab ana="nom"> 
                           <cb n="a"/>Γαβρι
                         <cb n="b"/>ήλ
                      </ab>
                  </div>
                  <div type="textpart" n="rev" subtype="face" rend="linear" xml:lang="grc">
                      <ab ana="dat">
                        <lb n="1"/>+<rs type="invocation" ref="#inv001"><expan><abbr>Θ</abbr><ex>εοτό</ex><abbr>κε</abbr></expan> <expan><abbr>β</abbr><ex>οή</ex><abbr>θ</abbr><ex>ει</ex></expan></rs> 
                          <lb n="2"/><forename><expan><abbr>Γαβριὴ</abbr><ex>λ</ex></expan></forename>
                          <lb n="3"/><rs type="office" subtype="military" ref="#of0243"><expan><abbr>δομεστ</abbr><supplied reason="lost"><abbr>ίκ</abbr><ex>ῳ</ex></supplied></expan></rs> 
                          <lb n="4"/>τȏν <gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/><!-- ῀ on omicron -->
                          <lb n="5"/><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>
                      </ab>
                  </div>
              </div>
            <div type="edition" subtype="diplomatic" xml:space="preserve">
                  <div type="textpart" subtype="label" n="obv" rend="columns" xml:lang="grc">
                      <ab>
                          <cb n="a"/>Γ|Α̣|
                         <cb n="b"/>Ρ̣||Λ
                      </ab>
                  </div>
                  <div type="textpart" subtype="face" n="rev" rend="linear" xml:lang="grc">
                      <ab>  
                          <lb n="1"/>Θ̅Κ̅Ε̅/Θ/ 
                          <lb n="2"/>ΓΑΡ/ 
                          <lb n="3"/>ΟΕΣΤ.. 
                          <lb n="4"/>ΤΟΝ.... 
                          <lb n="5"/>Κ/  
                      </ab>
                  </div>
              </div>
            <div type="apparatus">
                <listApp>
                    <app xml:lang=""/>
                </listApp>
            </div>
            <div type="translation">
                <p>Γαβριἠλ. / + Θεοτόκε βοήθει Γαβριήλ δομεστίκῳ τȏν ...</p>
                <p xml:lang="en">Gabriel. Mother of God help Gabriel, domestikos ...</p>
                <p xml:lang="fr">Gabriel. Mère de Dieu aide Gabriel, domestique ...</p>
            </div>
            <div type="commentary" subtype="text">
                <p xml:lang="fr">La première lettre du corps dont Gabriel était le domestique est
                    mal conservée. On pourrait lire E pour Ἐξκουβίτων, mais la dernière lettre
                    lisible est plutôt un Κ qu’un . La lecture Βασιλικῶν est aussi possible, mais
                    leur chef était un catépan. W. Seibt et Al. Wassiliou-Seibt, à qui j’ai envoyé
                    la photographie du sceau, suggèrent la fin de la légende suivante:
                    Τ̣ΟΝΝ̣[Μ]|Χ/ à lire τ(ῶ)ν νουμ(έρων) Χ(άλκης). Cette élégante solution devra
                    être confirmée par une autre bulle, car elle n’est pas attestée par ailleurs,
                    mais elle est la meilleure suggestion en attendant une pièce parallèle mieux
                    conservée.</p>
            </div>
            <div type="commentary" subtype="footnotes">
                <p xml:lang="fr" xml:id="footnote-1">[1] <bibl><ptr target="Cotsonis2005"/>, p. <citedRange unit="page">394</citedRange></bibl>.</p>
            </div>
            <div type="bibliography" subtype="edition">
                <p>
                    <bibl>
                        <ptr target="CheynetTatış"/>, <citedRange unit="part">2.56</citedRange>.
                    </bibl>
                </p>
            </div>
        </body>
    </text>
</TEI>