<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!-- last changed before 1.0 version release 2021-08-02 --><!-- last changed before 1.1 release: 2023-03-12 / 2023-04-17 --><!-- ongoing changes to 2.0: march 2024 --><?xml-model href="https://sigidoc.github.io/Schema/schema/latest/sigidoc.rng" type="application/xml" schematypens="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"?><?xml-model href="https://sigidoc.github.io/Schema/schema/latest/sigidoc.rng" type="application/xml" schematypens="http://purl.oclc.org/dsdl/schematron"?><TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">
    <teiHeader>
        <fileDesc>
            <titleStmt>
                <title xml:lang="fr">Sceau de Théodore Akapnès, protospathaire impérial</title>
                <title xml:lang="en">Seal of Theodore Akapnes, imperial protospatharios</title>
                <editor role="seal-editor" xml:id="JCC">Jean-Claude Cheynet</editor>
                <funder>
                    <orgName corresp="https://anr.fr/">Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR)</orgName>, France / <orgName corresp="https://www.dfg.de/">Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)</orgName>, Deutschland
                </funder>
                <principal>Alessio Sopracasa</principal>
            </titleStmt>
            <editionStmt>
                <edition>
                    <seg xml:lang="fr">Amélioration digitale</seg>
                    <seg xml:lang="en">Digital enhancement</seg>
                </edition>
                <editor role="digital-editor" xml:id="SM" when="2024-06-03">Sima Meziridou</editor>
            </editionStmt>
            <publicationStmt>
                <authority>ANR/DFG DigiByzSeal - Unlocking the Hidden Value of Seals: New
                    Methodologies for Historical Research in Byzantine Studies</authority>
                <idno type="filename">Tatish_5.92</idno>
                <idno type="SigiDocID"/>
                <idno type="sequence"/>
                <date when="2024-03-03"/>
                <availability>
                    <licence target="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/">Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International - CC BY-NC-SA
                        4.0</licence>
                </availability>
            </publicationStmt>
            <sourceDesc>
                <listPerson type="issuer">
                    <person gender="M" role="civil">
                        <persName xml:lang="grc">
                            <forename>Θεόδωρος</forename> 
                            <surname>Ἀκάπνης</surname>
                        </persName>
                        <persName xml:lang="fr">
                            <forename>Théodore</forename>
                            <surname>Akapnès</surname>
                        </persName>
                        <persName xml:lang="en">
                            <forename>Theodore</forename>
                            <surname>Akapnes</surname>
                        </persName>
                    </person>
                </listPerson>
                <msDesc>
                    <msIdentifier>
                        <country>
                            <seg xml:lang="fr">Turquie</seg>
                            <seg xml:lang="en">Turkey</seg>
                        </country>
                        <settlement>
                            <seg xml:lang="fr">Izmir</seg>
                            <seg xml:lang="en">Izmir</seg>
                        </settlement>
                        <institution/> 
                        <repository/> 
                        <collection type="private" xml:lang="en" ref="URI"><rs type="collection-name" xml:lang="en">
                            <persName role="issuer" ref="https://viaf.org/viaf/48683064/">Yavuz Tatış</persName> collection
                        </rs></collection>
                         
                        <idno type="inv-nr-current">1800</idno>
                        <altIdentifier>
                            <repository/>
                             
                             
                            <idno type="inv-nr-former"/>
                        </altIdentifier>
                    </msIdentifier>
                    <msContents>
                        <summary n="whole">
                            <seg xml:lang="en">Dignitaries</seg>
                            <seg xml:lang="fr">Dignitaires</seg>
                        </summary>
                    </msContents>
                    <physDesc>
                        <objectDesc>
                            <supportDesc>
                                <support>
                                    <objectType>
                                        <term>
                                            <seg xml:lang="fr">Sceau</seg>
                                            <seg xml:lang="en">Seal</seg>
                                        </term>
                                        <interp type="workType" xml:lang="fr">Empreinte originale</interp>
                                        <interp type="workType" xml:lang="en">Original impression</interp>
                                    </objectType>
                                    <material>
                                        <seg xml:lang="fr">Plomb</seg>
                                        <seg xml:lang="en">Lead</seg>
                                    </material>
                                    <dimensions type="support" unit="mm">
                                        <dim type="diameter">23</dim>
                                    </dimensions>
                                    <measure type="weight" unit="g">7,15</measure>
                                    <measure type="axis" unit="clock"/>
                                    <measure type="overstrikeOrient" unit="clock"/>
                                    <measure type="channelOrient" unit="clock">12-6</measure>
                                    <measure type="countermark" unit="clock"/>
                                </support>
                                <condition rend=" crushed"> 
                                    <p xml:lang="fr">Echancré aux orifices du canal qui fissure le plomb ; écrasé sur les deux faces.</p>
                                    <p xml:lang="en">Indented at the openings of the channel that cracks the lead; crushed on both sides.</p>
                                </condition>
                            </supportDesc>
                            <layoutDesc>
                                <layout n="whole">
                                    <rs type="execution">
                                        <seg xml:lang="fr">Frappé</seg>
                                    </rs>
                                    <rs type="shape">
                                        <seg xml:lang="fr">Ronde</seg>
                                    </rs>
                                    <rs type="matrix" subtype="not-surviving">
                                        <idno type="SigiDoc"/>
                                        <idno type="PBW"/> 
                                    </rs>                                     
                                </layout>
                            </layoutDesc>
                        </objectDesc>
                    </physDesc>
                    <history>
                        <origin>
                            <origPlace>
                                <seg xml:lang="fr">
                                    <placeName/>
                                </seg>
                            </origPlace>
                            <origDate type="analysis" notBefore="0901" notAfter="0950" evidence="epigraphy" cert="high" resp="#JCC">
                                <seg xml:lang="fr">Xe siècle (première moitié)</seg>
                                <seg xml:lang="en">10th C. first half</seg>
                            </origDate>       
                        </origin>
                        <provenance type="found" subtype="discovered"> 
                            <placeName type="ancientFindspot" ref="URI" xml:lang=""/> 
                            <placeName type="modernFindspot" ref="URI" xml:lang=""/>
                            <rs type="circumstances" xml:lang=""/>
                        </provenance>
                        <provenance type="observed" subtype="seen">
                            <p xml:lang=""/>
                        </provenance>
                        <provenance type="not-observed" subtype="lost">
                            <p xml:lang=""/>
                        </provenance>
                        <provenance type="transferred" subtype="moved">
                            <p xml:lang=""/>
                        </provenance>
                        <acquisition>
                            <p xml:lang=""/>
                        </acquisition>
                    </history>
                    <msPart n="r">
                        <msIdentifier/>
                        <msContents>
                            <summary n="r">
                                <seg xml:lang="en">Obverse</seg>
                            </summary>
                            <textLang n="r" mainLang="grc" otherLangs="">
                                <seg xml:lang="fr">Grec byzantin</seg>
                                <seg xml:lang="en">Byzantine Greek</seg>
                            </textLang>
                        </msContents>
                        <physDesc>
                            <objectDesc>
                                <layoutDesc>
                                    <layout n="r">
                                        <dimensions type="written" unit="mm">
                                            <dim type="diameter">23</dim>
                                        </dimensions>
                                        <p xml:lang="fr">Iconographie avec légende circulaire</p>
                                        <p xml:lang="en">Iconography with circular legend</p>
                                    </layout>
                                </layoutDesc>
                            </objectDesc>
                            <handDesc>
                                <handNote n="r">
                                    <seg xml:lang="en"/>
                                </handNote>
                            </handDesc>
                            <decoDesc>
                                <decoNote>
                                    <figure>
                                        <figDesc n="r" xml:lang="fr">Croix patriarcale trappue, élevée sur trois marches et ornée de
                                            fleurons issant à la base jusqu’à la plus grande traverse</figDesc>
                                        <figDesc n="r" xml:lang="en">Chunky patriarchal cross, raised on three steps and adorned with florets issuing from the base to the largest crosspiece</figDesc>
                                        <figDesc n="decoR" xml:lang="fr">Cercle de perles</figDesc>
                                        <figDesc n="decoR" xml:lang="en">Circle of pearls</figDesc>
                                    </figure>
                                </decoNote>
                            </decoDesc>
                        </physDesc>
                    </msPart>
                    <msPart n="v">
                        <msIdentifier/>
                        <msContents>
                            <summary n="v">
                                <seg xml:lang="en">Reverse</seg>
                            </summary>
                            <textLang n="v" mainLang="grc">
                                <seg xml:lang="fr">Grec byzantin</seg>
                                <seg xml:lang="en">Byzantine Greek</seg>
                            </textLang>
                        </msContents>
                        <physDesc>
                            <objectDesc>
                                <layoutDesc>
                                    <layout n="v">
                                        <dimensions type="written" unit="mm">
                                            <dim type="diameter">23</dim>
                                        </dimensions>
                                        <p xml:lang="fr">Légende linéaire sur 4 lignes</p>
                                        <p xml:lang="en">Linear legend of 4 lines</p>
                                    </layout>
                                </layoutDesc>
                            </objectDesc>
                            <handDesc>
                                <handNote n="v">
                                    <seg xml:lang=""/>
                                </handNote>
                            </handDesc>
                            <decoDesc>
                                <decoNote>
                                    <figure>
                                        <figDesc n="v" xml:lang=""/>
                                        <figDesc n="decoV" xml:lang="fr">Cercle de perles ; légende précédée d’une croisette</figDesc>
                                        <figDesc n="decoV" xml:lang="en">Circle of pearls; legend preceded by a cross</figDesc>
                                    </figure>
                                </decoNote>
                            </decoDesc>
                        </physDesc>
                    </msPart>
                </msDesc>
            </sourceDesc>
        </fileDesc>
        <encodingDesc>
            <editorialDecl><p/></editorialDecl>
            <charDecl>     
                <glyph xml:id="cross">
                    <mapping type="standard">+</mapping>
                    <mapping type="simplified">(cross)</mapping>
                </glyph>
                <glyph xml:id="alpha">
                    <mapping type="standard">A</mapping>
                    <mapping type="simplified">(protos)</mapping>                    
                </glyph>
           </charDecl> 
        </encodingDesc>
        <profileDesc>
            <langUsage>
                <language ident="Grek">Greek script</language>
                <language ident="Latn">Latin script</language>
                <language ident="grc">Ancient Greek language (to 1453; assumed to be in its standard script: Grek)</language>
                <language ident="la">Latin language (assumed to be in its standard script: Latn)</language>
                <language ident="grc-Latn">Ancient Greek Language (to 1453), rendered in Latin script</language>
                <language ident="la-Grek">Latin written in Greek script</language>
            </langUsage>
        </profileDesc>
        <revisionDesc>
            <change when="2023-06-23" who="#AS"/>
            <change when="2024-06-03" who="#SM">Filled in metadata in new template</change>
        </revisionDesc>
      </teiHeader>
      <facsimile>
          <surfaceGrp>
              <surface n="r">
                  <desc>Obverse</desc>
                  <graphic url="https://www.abcde.com" type="digital">
                      <desc>Digital image of the obverse (2019).</desc>
                  </graphic>
              </surface>
              <surface n="v">
                  <desc>Reverse</desc>
                  <graphic url="https://www.abcde.com" type="digital">
                      <desc>Digital image of the reverse (2019).</desc>
                  </graphic>
              </surface>
          </surfaceGrp>
      </facsimile>
      <text>
          <body>
              <div type="edition" subtype="editorial" xml:space="preserve">  
                  <div type="textpart" subtype="face" n="obv" rend="circular" xml:lang="grc">
                      <ab>
                          <lb n="1"/>+ <expan><abbr>Κ</abbr><ex>ύρι</ex><abbr>ε</abbr></expan> <expan><abbr>βοήθ</abbr><ex>ει</ex></expan> τῷ σῷ <expan><abbr>δούλ</abbr><ex>ῳ</ex></expan>
                      </ab>                    
                  </div>
                      <div type="textpart" subtype="face" n="rev" rend="linear" xml:lang="grc">
                      <ab>
                         <lb n="2"/>+ Θεωδ
                          <lb n="3" break="no"/><supplied reason="lost">ώ</supplied>ρῳ <expan><abbr>β</abbr><ex>ασιλικῷ</ex></expan> <expan><abbr><am><g ref="#alpha"/></am></abbr><ex>πρωτο</ex><abbr>σπ
                          <lb n="4" break="no"/>αθαρίῳ</abbr></expan> ὁ 
                          <lb n="5"/><expan><abbr>Ἀκάπ</abbr><ex>νης</ex></expan>
                      </ab>
                          </div>
              </div>
              <div type="edition" subtype="diplomatic" xml:space="preserve">
                  <div type="textpart" subtype="face" n="obv" rend="circular" xml:lang="grc">
                      <ab>
                          <lb n="1"/>ΕΟΗΘΤΣΔΟΥΛ̣ <!-- Ω not found in Athena ruby palette -->
                     </ab>                    
                  </div>
                  <div type="textpart" subtype="face" n="obv" rend="linear" xml:lang="grc">
                       <ab>  
                           <lb n="2"/>ΘΕ̣Δ
                           <lb n="3"/>.ΑΣΠ
                           <lb n="4"/>Α̣ΘΑΡ̣ΙΟ <!-- Ω not found in Athena ruby palette -->
                           <lb n="5"/>Α̣Κ̣ΑΠ
                       </ab>
                  </div>
              </div>
              <div type="apparatus">
                  <listApp>
                      <app xml:lang=""/>
                  </listApp>
              </div>
              <div type="translation">
                  <p>Κύριε βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλῳ / + Θεωδώρῳ βασιλικῷ πρωτοσπαθαρίῳ ὁ Ἀκάπνης.</p> 
                  <p xml:lang="en">Lord help your servant Theodore Akapnes, imperial protospatharios.</p> 
                  <p xml:lang="fr">Seigneur aide ton serviteur Théodore Akapnès, protospathaire impérial.</p>
              </div>
              <div type="commentary" subtype="text">
                  <p xml:lang="fr">La dernière ligne est un peu écrasée, mais il n’y a pas de place pour une
                      lettre au début de la ligne. La lecture Lakapènos est donc à rejeter. La famille Akapnès est bien attestée. La liste
                      de ses membres a été dressée dans des catalogues récents [1]. Théodore est un nouveau venu et son sceau fait
                      de lui le plus ancien membre connu de cette lignée. Faute de mention d’une fonction, nous ne pouvons vérifier
                      que les Akapnai ont commencé leur ascension sociale dans l’armée.</p>
              </div>
              <div type="commentary" subtype="footnotes">
                  <p xml:lang="fr" xml:id="footnote-1">
                      [1]. ŠAndrovskaja – Seibt, <hi rend="italic">Bleisiegel</hi>, no 11 ; Wassiliou – Seibt, <hi rend="italic">Bleisiegel</hi> II, no 40 ; Cheynet – Theodoridis, <hi rend="italic">Sceaux patronymiques</hi>,
                      no 1.
                  </p>
              </div>
              <div type="bibliography" subtype="edition">
                  <p>
                      <bibl>
                          <ptr target="CheynetTatış"/>, <citedRange unit="page">253</citedRange>
                      </bibl>
                  </p>
              </div>
              <div type="bibliography" subtype="parallels">  
                      <bibl>
                          <ptr target="xxx"/>, <citedRange unit="page"/>
                      </bibl>
              </div>
          </body>
      </text>
</TEI>