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                <title xml:lang="fr">Sceau de Basile Trichinopodès, hypatos et stratège d’Anazarbe</title>
                <title xml:lang="en">Seal of Basil Trichinopodes, hypatos and strategos of Anazarba</title>
                <editor role="seal-editor" xml:id="JCC">Jean-Claude Cheynet</editor>
                <funder>
                    <orgName corresp="https://anr.fr/">Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR)</orgName>, France / <orgName corresp="https://www.dfg.de/">Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)</orgName>, Deutschland
                </funder>
                <principal>Alessio Sopracasa</principal>
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                <edition>
                    <seg xml:lang="fr">Amélioration digitale</seg>
                    <seg xml:lang="en">Digital enhancement</seg>
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                <editor role="digital-editor" xml:id="SM" when="2024-04-12">Sima Meziridou</editor>
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                <authority>ANR/DFG DigiByzSeal - Unlocking the Hidden Value of Seals: New
                    Methodologies for Historical Research in Byzantine Studies</authority>
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                            <forename>Βασίλειος</forename>
                            <surname>Τριχινοπόδης</surname>      
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                        <persName xml:lang="fr">
                            <forename>Basile</forename>
                            <surname>Trichinopodès</surname>                       
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                            <forename>Basil</forename>
                            <surname>Trichinopodes</surname>                         
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                            <seg xml:lang="fr">Turquie</seg>
                            <seg xml:lang="en">Turkey</seg>
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                        <settlement>
                            <seg xml:lang="fr">Izmir</seg>
                            <seg xml:lang="en">Izmir</seg>
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                            <seg xml:lang="en">Provincial administration</seg>
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                                            <seg xml:lang="en">Seal</seg>
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                                        <interp type="workType" xml:lang="fr">Empreinte originale</interp>
                                        <interp type="workType" xml:lang="en">Original impression</interp>
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                                        <seg xml:lang="en">Lead</seg>
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                                    <measure type="weight" unit="g">17,90</measure>
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                                    <measure type="overstrikeOrient" unit="clock"/>
                                    <measure type="channelOrient" unit="clock">12-6</measure>
                                    <measure type="countermark" unit="clock"/>
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                                    <p xml:lang="fr">Echancré et rogné tout au pourtour du flan ; partiellement écrasé au revers.</p>
                                    <p xml:lang="en">Chipped and trimmed all around the blank; partially crushed on the reverse.</p>
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                            <origDate type="analysis" notBefore="1051" notAfter="1070" evidence="epigraphy" cert="high" resp="#JCC"> 
                                <seg xml:lang="fr">XIe siècle (troisième quart)</seg>
                                <seg xml:lang="en">11th C. third quarter</seg>
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                        <provenance type="found" subtype="discovered"> 
                            <placeName type="ancientFindspot" ref="https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/668179" xml:lang="fr">Adana</placeName>
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                                        <p xml:lang="fr">Iconographie avec légende en colonnes</p>
                                        <p xml:lang="en">Iconography with legend in columns</p>                     
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                            <decoDesc>
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                                    <figure>
                                        <figDesc n="r" xml:lang="fr">Saint Georges de face, en buste, armé
                                            d’une lance au manche bouleté et d’un bouclier bordé de perles, comme la
                                            chlamyde</figDesc>
                                        <figDesc n="r" xml:lang="en">Bust of Saint George armed a spear with a spherical handle and a shield 
                                            edged with pearls, like the chlamys</figDesc>
                                        <figDesc n="decoR" xml:lang="fr">Cercle de perles</figDesc>
                                        <figDesc n="decoR" xml:lang="en">Circle of pearls</figDesc>
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                                <seg xml:lang="en">Reverse</seg>
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                                        <dimensions type="written" unit="mm">
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                                        <p xml:lang="fr">Légende linéaire sur 7 lignes</p>
                                        <p xml:lang="en">Linear legend of 7 lines</p> 
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                                        <figDesc n="decoV" xml:lang="en">Circle of pearls; legend preceded by a cross</figDesc>
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                <language ident="Grek">Greek script</language>
                <language ident="Latn">Latin script</language>
                <language ident="grc">Ancient Greek language (to 1453; assumed to be in its standard script: Grek)</language>
                <language ident="la">Latin language (assumed to be in its standard script: Latn)</language>
                <language ident="grc-Latn">Ancient Greek Language (to 1453), rendered in Latin script</language>
                <language ident="la-Grek">Latin written in Greek script</language>
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            <change when="2023-06-23" who="#AS"/>
            <change when="2024-04-12" who="#SM">Filled in metadata in new template</change>
            <change when="2024-06-13" who="#SM">Corrections on metadata</change>
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                  <desc>Obverse</desc>
                  <graphic url="https://www.abcde.com" type="digital">
                      <desc>Digital image of the obverse (2019).</desc>
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                   <div type="textpart" subtype="label" n="obv" rend="columns" xml:lang="grc">
                      <ab>
                         <cb n="a"/><expan><ex>Ὁ ἅγιος</ex></expan> <expan><abbr>Γε</abbr>
                        <cb n="b"/><supplied reason="lost"><abbr>ώ</abbr></supplied><abbr>ργ</abbr><supplied reason="lost"><abbr>ι</abbr><ex>ος</ex></supplied></expan>
                      </ab>
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                  <div type="textpart" n="rev" subtype="face" rend="linear" xml:lang="grc">
                      <ab>
                          <lb n="1"/>+ <expan><supplied reason="lost"><abbr>Κ</abbr><ex>ύρι</ex></supplied><abbr>ε</abbr></expan> 
                              <expan><abbr>β</abbr><ex>οή</ex><abbr>θ</abbr><ex>ει</ex></expan>
                          <lb n="2"/>Βασιλεί
                          <lb n="3" break="no"/><supplied reason="lost">ῳ</supplied> ὑπάτῳ <expan><abbr><am><g ref="#kai"/></am></abbr><ex>καὶ</ex></expan>
                          <lb n="4"/><expan><supplied reason="lost"><abbr>στ</abbr></supplied><abbr>ρατηγ</abbr><ex>ῷ</ex></expan> Ἀ
                          <lb n="5" break="no"/><supplied reason="lost">να</supplied>βάρζις
                          <lb n="6"/>τὸν <expan><abbr>Τριχ<!-- le deuxième iota n'est pas présent sur la diplomatique; il semble e^tre la dernière lettre de la ligne 6 -->
                          <lb n="7" break="no"/>ινοπόδ</abbr><ex>ην</ex></expan>
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                  <div type="textpart" subtype="label" n="obv" rend="columns" xml:lang="grc">
                      <ab>
                          <cb n="a"/>|Γ|Ε.
                          <cb n="b"/>|Ρ|Γ.                
                      </ab>
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                  <div type="textpart" subtype="face" n="rev" rend="linear" xml:lang="grc">
                      <ab>  
                          <lb n="1"/>.ΕΘ                       
                          <lb n="2"/>ΑΣΙΛΕΙ    
                          <lb n="3"/>.ΥΠΑΤϗ  
                          <lb n="4"/>..ΡΑΤΗΓΑ  
                          <lb n="5"/>..ΑΡΙΣ 
                          <lb n="6"/>ΤΟΝΤΡΙΧ  
                          <lb n="7"/>ΝΟΠΟΔ 
                      </ab>
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              </div>
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                      <app xml:lang=""/>
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              <div type="translation">
                  <p>Ὁ ἅγιος Γεώργιος. / + Κύριε βοήθει Βασιλείῳ ὑπάτῳ καὶ στρατηγῷ Ἀναβάρζις τὸν Τριχινοπόδην.</p>
                  <p xml:lang="en">Saint George. Lord help Basil Trichinopodes, hypatos and strategos of Anazarba</p>
                  <p xml:lang="fr">Saint Georges. Basile Trichinopodès, et stratège d’Anazarbe</p>
              </div>
              <div type="commentary" subtype="text">
                  <p xml:lang="fr">
                      Anazarbe était l’une des principales
                      forteresses de Cilicie, reconquise par Nicéphore Phocas lors de sa grande
                      campagne de 965 contre les Hamdanides d’Alep [1].
                      Un plomb proche, surfrappé, est réédité [2] dans les <hi rend="italic">DOSeals</hi> 5.1.1,
                      conjointement avec l’autre pièce de DO dont il est fort proche. On connaît,
                      en plusieurs exemplaires, le plomb de Basile Trichinopodès, protospathaire,
                      hypatos et stratège d’Anazarbe [3].
                      Or, le revers des plombs édités dans <hi rend="italic">DOSeals</hi> 5.1.1, présente la même distribution de la légende que celle
                      du plomb de la collection Tatış, sauf la fin, mal conservée. On note aussi les mêmes particularités orthographiques,
                      la rupture grammaticale du passage à l’accusatif pour le nom. Sur les plombs du protospathaire, en revanche, le
                      patronyme est gravé au nominatif. Mais les éditeurs de <hi rend="italic">DOSeals</hi> préfèrent retenir Triklinos.
                      Basile appartenait à une famille orientale, géorgienne, selon une bulle mal interprétée par son
                      éditeur : +KER/Θ/|ΦΕΡCΙΩΑ|C/ΠΑΘ/S.TA..|ΤΩΦVRA..|ΤΡVX..|ΠΩΔ., à corriger et compléter ainsi :
                      +KER/Θ/|ΦΕΡCΙΩΑ|C/ΠΑΘ/STAΓΜΑ|ΤΩΦVΛΑΚΙΤ/|ΤΡVΧΙΝΟ|ΠΩΔΗ : + Κ(ύρι)ε β(οή)θ(ει) Φερσίῳ (πρωτο)
                      σπαθ(αρίῳ) ταγματοφύλακι τῷ Τρυχινοπόδῃ. Phersès Trichinopodès commandait un régiment de troupe
                      professionnelle [4].          
                  </p>
              </div>
              <div type="commentary" subtype="footnotes">
                  <p xml:lang="fr" xml:id="footnote-1">
                      [1]. Cf la longue notice dans H. Ηellenkeμper – F. Ηild, <hi rend="italic">Kilikien und Isaurien</hi> (TIB 5), Vienne 1990, p. 178-185.
                  </p> 
                  <p xml:lang="fr" xml:id="footnote-2">
                      [2]. Fogg 587. Il a été publié pour la première fois par J. Νesbitt, Overstruck Seals in the DO Collection, <hi rend="italic">SBS</hi> 2, p. 89, no 23, et mentionné
                      par N. Οikonoμides, Molybdoboulla, <hi rend="italic">Praktika Acad. d’Athènes</hi> 62, 1987, p. 10, no 18 (mention par Al.-K. Wassiliou, <hi rend="italic">JÖB</hi> 49, p. 382).
                  </p> 
                  <p xml:lang="fr" xml:id="footnote-3">
                      [3]. Zacos (BnF) 590 et 591, éd. Cheynet, <hi rend="italic">Sceaux Zacos</hi>, nos 4 a et b, au droit identique ; musée d’Adiyaman, éd. Cheynet – Erdogan –
                      Prigent, Adiyaman, p. 110) ; coll. Kofopoulos, inédit ; vente Gorny (octobre 1998), no 1411 (signalé dans les <hi rend="italic">SBS</hi> 8, 2003, p. 219), sceau
                      de nouveau présenté à la vente Peus 376 (octobre 2003), no 1366.
                  </p> 
                  <p xml:lang="fr" xml:id="footnote-4">
                      [4]. Swiencickyj, Byzantinische Bleisiegel, no 12.
                  </p> 
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                      <bibl>
                          <ptr target="CheynetTatış"/>, <citedRange unit="page">112-113</citedRange>
                      </bibl>
                  </p>
              </div>
              <div type="bibliography" subtype="parallels"> <!-- // : (α) DO 47.2.38 ; (β) coll. Kofopoulos, inv. 1658, inédit.
Ed. d’un // : (α) DOSeals 5.1.1 (lecture du patronyme retenue en Triklinos). -->
                  <p>
                      <bibl>
                          <ptr target="xxx"/>, <citedRange unit="page"/>
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