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                <title xml:lang="fr">Sceau de Nicolas N., protospathaire</title>
                <title xml:lang="en">Seal of Nicholas N., protospatharios</title>
                <editor role="seal-editor" xml:id="JCC">Jean-Claude Cheynet</editor>
                <funder>
                    <orgName corresp="https://anr.fr/">Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR)</orgName>, France / <orgName corresp="https://www.dfg.de/">Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)</orgName>, Deutschland
                </funder>
                <principal>Alessio Sopracasa</principal>
            </titleStmt>
            <editionStmt>
                <edition>
                    <seg xml:lang="fr">Amélioration digitale</seg>
                    <seg xml:lang="en">Digital enhancement</seg>
                </edition>
                <editor role="digital-editor" xml:id="SM" when="2024-06-03">Sima Meziridou</editor>
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            <publicationStmt>
                <authority>ANR/DFG DigiByzSeal - Unlocking the Hidden Value of Seals: New
                    Methodologies for Historical Research in Byzantine Studies</authority>
                <idno type="filename">Tatish_5.90</idno>
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                <date when="2024-03-03"/>
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                        <persName xml:lang="grc">
                            <forename>Νικόλαος</forename> 
                            <surname>Ν.</surname>
                        </persName>
                        <persName xml:lang="fr">
                            <forename>Nicolas</forename>
                            <surname>Ν.</surname>
                        </persName>
                        <persName xml:lang="en">
                            <forename>Nicholas</forename>
                            <surname>Ν.</surname>
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                        <country>
                            <seg xml:lang="fr">Turquie</seg>
                            <seg xml:lang="en">Turkey</seg>
                        </country>
                        <settlement>
                            <seg xml:lang="fr">Izmir</seg>
                            <seg xml:lang="en">Izmir</seg>
                        </settlement>
                        <institution/> 
                        <repository/> 
                        <collection type="private" xml:lang="en" ref="URI"><rs type="collection-name" xml:lang="en">
                            <persName role="issuer" ref="https://viaf.org/viaf/48683064/">Yavuz Tatış</persName> collection
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                        <idno type="inv-nr-current">2566</idno>
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                            <seg xml:lang="en">Dignitaries</seg>
                            <seg xml:lang="fr">Dignitaires</seg>
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                                    <objectType>
                                        <term>
                                            <seg xml:lang="fr">Sceau</seg>
                                            <seg xml:lang="en">Seal</seg>
                                        </term>
                                        <interp type="workType" xml:lang="fr">Empreinte originale</interp>
                                        <interp type="workType" xml:lang="en">Original impression</interp>
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                                    <material>
                                        <seg xml:lang="fr">Plomb</seg>
                                        <seg xml:lang="en">Lead</seg>
                                    </material>
                                    <dimensions type="support" unit="mm">
                                        <dim type="diameter">20</dim>
                                    </dimensions>
                                    <measure type="weight" unit="g">6,83</measure>
                                    <measure type="axis" unit="clock"/>
                                    <measure type="overstrikeOrient" unit="clock"/>
                                    <measure type="channelOrient" unit="clock">12-6</measure>
                                    <measure type="countermark" unit="clock"/>
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                                <condition rend=" blank-too-small not-centered"> 
                                    <p xml:lang="fr">Très peu échancré aux orifices du canal ; flan trop petit, frappe décentrée à l’avers.</p>
                                    <p xml:lang="en">Very little indentation at the channel openings; blank too small, off-centre strike on obverse.</p>
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                                <seg xml:lang="fr">
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                                </seg>
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                            <origDate type="analysis" notBefore="1001" notAfter="1050" evidence="epigraphy" cert="high" resp="#JCC">
                                <seg xml:lang="fr">XIe siècle (première moitié)</seg>
                                <seg xml:lang="en">11th C. first half</seg>
                            </origDate>       
                        </origin>
                        <provenance type="found" subtype="discovered"> 
                            <placeName type="ancientFindspot" ref="https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/599490" xml:lang="fr">Annaea</placeName>
                            <placeName type="ancientFindspot" ref="https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/599490" xml:lang="en">Annaea</placeName>
                            <placeName type="modernFindspot" ref="https://www.geonames.org/300399/soeke.html" xml:lang="fr">environs de Söke (basse vallée du Méandre)</placeName>
                            <placeName type="modernFindspot" ref="https://www.geonames.org/300399/soeke.html" xml:lang="en">near Söke (lower Meander valley)</placeName>
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                                <seg xml:lang="en">Obverse</seg>
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                                <seg xml:lang="fr">Grec byzantin</seg>
                                <seg xml:lang="en">Byzantine Greek</seg>
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                                <layoutDesc>
                                    <layout n="r">
                                        <dimensions type="written" unit="mm">
                                            <dim type="diameter">20</dim>
                                        </dimensions>
                                        <p xml:lang="fr">Iconographie avec légende circulaire et en colonnes</p>
                                        <p xml:lang="en">Iconography with circular legend and legend in columns</p>
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                            <decoDesc>
                                <decoNote>
                                    <figure>
                                        <figDesc n="r" xml:lang="fr">Buste de saint
                                            Nicolas de face, tenant le Livre et bénissant</figDesc>
                                        <figDesc n="r" xml:lang="en">Bust of Saint Nicholas,holding the Holy Book and blessing</figDesc>
                                        <figDesc n="decoR" xml:lang="fr">Bordure rognée</figDesc>
                                        <figDesc n="decoR" xml:lang="en">Trimmed border</figDesc>
                                    </figure>
                                </decoNote>
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                            <summary n="v">
                                <seg xml:lang="en">Reverse</seg>
                            </summary>
                            <textLang n="v" mainLang="grc">
                                <seg xml:lang="fr">Grec byzantin</seg>
                                <seg xml:lang="en">Byzantine Greek</seg>
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                            <objectDesc>
                                <layoutDesc>
                                    <layout n="v">
                                        <dimensions type="written" unit="mm">
                                            <dim type="diameter">20</dim>
                                        </dimensions>
                                        <p xml:lang="fr">Légende linéaire sur 4 lignes</p>
                                        <p xml:lang="en">Linear legend of 4 lines</p>
                                    </layout>
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                            <handDesc>
                                <handNote n="v">
                                    <seg xml:lang=""/>
                                </handNote>
                            </handDesc>
                            <decoDesc>
                                <decoNote>
                                    <figure>
                                        <figDesc n="v" xml:lang=""/>
                                        <figDesc n="decoV" xml:lang="fr">Bordure rognée ; légende précédée d’une croisette ; au sommet du champ, un croisillon de
                                            perles accosté de tirets</figDesc>
                                        <figDesc n="decoV" xml:lang="en">Trimmed border; legend preceded by a cross; at the top of the field, a cross of pearls with dashes</figDesc>
                                    </figure>
                                </decoNote>
                            </decoDesc>
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                    <mapping type="standard">A</mapping>
                    <mapping type="simplified">(protos)</mapping>                    
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                <glyph xml:id="ho_hagios">
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                    <mapping type="simplified">(ho_hagios)</mapping>
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            <langUsage>
                <language ident="Grek">Greek script</language>
                <language ident="Latn">Latin script</language>
                <language ident="grc">Ancient Greek language (to 1453; assumed to be in its standard script: Grek)</language>
                <language ident="la">Latin language (assumed to be in its standard script: Latn)</language>
                <language ident="grc-Latn">Ancient Greek Language (to 1453), rendered in Latin script</language>
                <language ident="la-Grek">Latin written in Greek script</language>
            </langUsage>
        </profileDesc>
        <revisionDesc>
            <change when="2023-06-23" who="#AS"/>
            <change when="2024-06-03" who="#SM">Filled in metadata in new template</change>
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          <surfaceGrp>
              <surface n="r">
                  <desc>Obverse</desc>
                  <graphic url="https://www.abcde.com" type="digital">
                      <desc>Digital image of the obverse (2019).</desc>
                  </graphic>
              </surface>
              <surface n="v">
                  <desc>Reverse</desc>
                  <graphic url="https://www.abcde.com" type="digital">
                      <desc>Digital image of the reverse (2019).</desc>
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          <body>
              <div type="edition" subtype="editorial" xml:space="preserve">
                  <div type="textpart" subtype="label" n="obv" rend="columns" xml:lang="grc">
                      <ab>
                              <cb n="a"/><supplied reason="lost"><expan><ex>Ὁ ἅγιος</ex></expan></supplied> <expan><supplied reason="lost"><abbr>Νι</abbr></supplied>
                                <cb n="b"/><abbr>κόλ</abbr><ex>αος</ex></expan>
                     </ab>                    
                  </div>  
                  <div type="textpart" subtype="face" n="obv" rend="circular" xml:lang="grc">
                      <ab>
                          <lb n="1"/><supplied reason="lost"><expan><abbr>K</abbr><ex>ύρι</ex><abbr>ε</abbr></expan></supplied> <supplied reason="lost">βοήθει</supplied> <supplied reason="lost">τ</supplied>ῷ σῷ <expan><abbr>δούλ</abbr><ex>ῳ</ex></expan>
                     </ab>                    
                  </div>
                      <div type="textpart" subtype="face" n="rev" rend="linear" xml:lang="grc">
                      <ab>
                         <lb n="2"/>+ Νικο
                          <lb n="3" break="no"/>λάο <expan><abbr><am><g ref="#alpha"/></am></abbr><ex>πρωτο</ex><abbr>σπ</abbr><supplied reason="lost"><abbr>α</abbr></supplied> <!-- ι cannot be added to o -->
                          <lb n="4" break="no"/><abbr>θαρίῳ</abbr></expan> τ<supplied reason="lost">ῷ</supplied> 
                          <lb n="5"/><gap reason="lost" quantity="1" unit="character"/><orig>αμ</orig><gap reason="lost" quantity="2" unit="character"/>
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              <div type="edition" subtype="diplomatic" xml:space="preserve">
                  <div type="textpart" subtype="label" n="obv" rend="columns" xml:lang="grc">
                      <ab>
                            <cb n="b"/>̣|Ο|Λ
                      </ab>
                  </div>
                  <div type="textpart" subtype="face" n="obv" rend="circular" xml:lang="grc">
                      <ab>
                          <lb n="1"/>ΣΔΟΥ̣Λ̣
                     </ab>                    
                  </div>
                  <div type="textpart" subtype="face" n="obv" rend="linear" xml:lang="grc">
                       <ab>  
                           <lb n="0"/>
                           <lb n="2"/>ΝΙΚΟ̣
                           <lb n="3"/>Λ̣ΑΟΑ̅ΣΠ.
                           <lb n="4"/>Θ̣Α̣ΡΙΤ.
                           <lb n="5"/>.Α.
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                  <p>Ὁ ἃγιος Νικόλαος / Κύριε βοήθει τῷ σῷ δούλῳ / + Νικολάο πρωτοσπαθαρίῳ τῷ .αμ...</p> <!-- ι cannot be added to o -->
                  <p xml:lang="en">Saint Nicholas. Lord help your servant Nicholas N., protospatharios.</p> 
                  <p xml:lang="fr">Saint Nicolas. Seigneur aide ton serviteur Nicolas N., protospathaire.</p>
              </div>
              <div type="commentary" subtype="text">
                  <p xml:lang="fr">Le nom est largement effacé par l’usure de la dernière ligne restée en partie
                      hors champ. Les seconde et troisième lettres sont assez sûres, mais la première est indistincte. Ce pourrait être un
                      T ou un Γ.</p>
              </div>
              <div type="commentary" subtype="footnotes">
                  <p xml:lang=""/>
              </div>
              <div type="bibliography" subtype="edition">
                  <p>
                      <bibl>
                          <ptr target="CheynetTatış"/>, <citedRange unit="page">252</citedRange>
                      </bibl>
                  </p>
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              <div type="bibliography" subtype="parallels">  
                      <bibl>
                          <ptr target="xxx"/>, <citedRange unit="page"/>
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